Effects Of Different Irrigation Methods On Growth And Water Use Efficiency Of Winter Wheat

In view of the fact that Shandong Province is a large agricultural province,the proportion of agricultural water accounts for more than half.However,the water resources situation is not optimistic,so the development of water-saving irrigation technology is the top priority of developing water-saving agriculture.In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods on crop growth and water use efficiency,explore the feasibility of its promotion and application,this experiment takes winter wheat in North China as the research object.Automated channel pipe irrigation(P),surge irrigation(S),alternate surge irrigation(AS)and continuous irrigation(C)were carried out at the Mazhuang experimental base of Shandong Agricultural University.Continuous irrigation(C)was used as the control group.We analyzed and compared the effects of different irrigation treatments on water flow speed,soil moisture status,wheat growth,the yield of wheat and water use efficiency.Through the comprehensive analysis of leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,population growth rate and irrigation uniformity of winter wheat,the theoretical reference for winter wheat irrigation in North China is provided.The results reveal that:(1)The water flow speed of P treatment is obviously faster than that of AS treatment and C treatment,and the water flow speed is roughly treated as P treatment>S treatment>AS treatment>C treatment.The water flow speed of the four treatments was faster in the emergence stage than in the jointing stage and the filling stage.(2)The uniformity of irrigation under the four treatments is best with P treatment,followed by S treatment,and C treatment is the worst.The specific performance is P treatment > S treatment > AS treatment > C treatment.The uniformity of irrigation in the four irrigation treatments increased at first and then decreased with the post-irrigation time,reached the maximum at 6 d after irrigation,and then the uniformity of irrigation began to decrease.(3)There was no significant difference in soil water storage between the four irrigation treatments in the 0-30 cm soil layer during the green stage.The soil water storage in the jointing,filling and maturity stages was the best in P treatment and the worst in C treatment.In the above four growth stages of 30-100 cm soil layer,there was no significant difference in the water storage capacity of the four treatments,indicating that the effects of these four irrigation treatments on soil moisture were mainly concentrated in the 0-30 cm soil layer,while the soil moisture in the 30-100 cm soil layer was less affected.(4)The water-saving rate of P treatment and S treatment in the emergence period was 16.65% and 13.35%,respectively,compared with the C treatment.In the jointing stage,the P and S treatments were 24.36% and 20.01%,respectively,compared with the C treatment.The water saving rate of the P treatment and the S treatment in the filling stage is 37.50% and 25.00%,respectively,compared with the C treatment.It shows that P treatment in the filling period is more effective in water saving rate.(5)The leaf area index of the four irrigation treatments was the highest in P treatment and the worst in C treatment.The overall relationship was P treatment > S treatment > AS treatment > C treatment.The significant advantage of P treatment was not significant during the green period,and was significant at jointing and heading stages.At the heading stage,the LAI of P treatment,S treatment and AS treatment increased by 15.31%,4.15% and 8.65%,respectively,compared with C treatment.In the filling stage,the LAI of P treatment,S treatment and AS treatment increased by 11.26%,5.50% and 7.95%,respectively,compared with C treatment.(6)The growth rate of four irrigation treatments has been increasing from the green stage to the heading stage,and has decreased slightly from the heading stage to the maturity stage.There was no significant difference between the four treatments in the green period,and the growth rate in the next growth period was the best in P treatment and the worst in C treatment.(7)The relationship between winter wheat yield is AS treatment>P treatment>S treatment>C treatment.However,the water consumption of the P treatment is low,and the WUE of the four irrigation treatments is P treatment > AS treatment > S treatment > C treatment.Compared with C treatment,it increased by 45.21%,43.84% and 26.03%,respectively.Therefore,P treatment has certain advantages over C treatment of irrigation uniformity,water flow speed and water use efficiency.The irrigation mode recommended for our experiment.