Determination Of Genetic Characteristics And Medicinal Value Of Runzhou Crested White Duck

The Runzhou Crested Duck is a newly discovered duck genetic resource approved by the National Committee of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources,which began in the ancient ornamental duck breed.It was once a court pet of the Ming Dynasty.Its head feathers have a cluster of protrusions,and the beak and feet are black.The crested duck not only has ornamental value,but also has a medicinal value.Ge Kejiu(1305～1353),a medical scientist in the Yuan Dynasty,wrote the "Ten Medicines God Book" to clearly record a prescription for the treatment of tuberculosis with crested ducks.The current special treatment for tuberculosis is isoniazid and rifampicin.The antibacterial effect is good but there are many side effects,for example,vitamin deficiency,affecting gastrointestinal function,and even liver tissue lesions and necrosis.Therefore,there is a need in the market for a specific drug with significant therapeutic effects and small side effects.If the medicinal value and efficacy are confirmed,it is possible to make tuberculosis drug that meets market demand.In this experiment,the body size,slaughter performance,meat quality and body weight of Runzhou Crested White Duck were measured.At the same time,the Runzhou Crested Duck,Shaoxing Duck,Youxian Sheldrake,Mountain Sheldrake,Jingjiang Sheldrake and Jinding Sheldrake were tested for egg quality to enrich the genetic characteristics of Runzhou Crested White Duck and to provide data for the development of resource standards for Runzhou Crested White Duck.At the same time,in order to determine the medicinal properties of Runzhou Crested White Duck and the efficacy of Renzibaifeng Ointment,the method of cell infection was used which the Renzibaifeng Ointment(BFG group).Renzibaifeng Ointment without the crested duck(BFG2 group),the the crested duck hydrolysate(FTY group),and resveratrol(BLLC group)were separately added to human lung fibroblasts infected with M.smegmatis.The apoptosis was measured by Annexin-FITC double staining method,and the cytokine content was determined by double antibody one-step ELISA,and the expression of tuberculosis related genes CD14,TLR2 and RAB39A and cytokines were determined by qRT-PCR.The purpose was to determine the efficacy of Renzibaifeng Ointment and the medicinal value of Crested White Duck.The study of specific drugs provides a new reference.The main results are as follows:1.Through performance measurement,it was found that Runzhou Crested duck is medium-sized and grows faster than the general-purpose duck.Breast muscle of the 10-week-old duck contains 3.02g/100g of umami amino acid glutamic acid.The amount of trace elements Fe,Se,Zn.was 45.34μg/g,226.41μg/g,12.49μg/g and 341.51μg,separately.What’s more,the pH was 5.79,the shearing force and water loss rate were 26.06N and 24.49%,respectively;according to the leg muscle,content of glutamic acid was 3.00.g/100g,and trace elements Fe,Se,Zn,Mg were respectively 35.84μg/g,158.14μg/g,41.24μg/g and 306.10μg/g,whose pH was 5.79 and shear and water loss rate reached 21.96N and 20.18%.It shows that Runzhou Crested White Duck has fine delicious taste for meat and good meat quality.It is suitable for the development of high quality small body duck and processed meat duck products.According to egg quality data,Runzhou Crested White Duck laid 226 eggs at 500 days of age.The eggshell was white or green,and egg weight was 65.26g,whose eggshell strength reached 4.19 kg/cm2 and protein height was 5.98mm.In addition,the Hastelloy.Unit was 81.07,and Egg yellow color reached 11.80,and egg yolk weight was 20.1g,and egg yolk ratio was 33.22%,and egg shape index was 1.40,while eggshell thickness reached 0.36mm,indicating that Runzhou Crested white duck has good egg production performance,and can also be suitable for further development and utilization of high quality egg duck resources.Therefore,it is recommended to fully exploit the value of meat and egg use of the crested duck,and to carry out specialized line selection.Using the crested phenotype mark as a new variety mark to facilitate consumers to identify high quality meat ducks,and at the same time Runzhou Crested White Duck hybrid utilization research could be carried out,while on the basis of maintaining its excellent meat value and egg value,its performance could be improved2.In the study of medicinal properties,different treatment fluids were added after 4 hours of infection with human lung cells by S.smegmatis.After 24 hours of incubation,the apoptosis rate of BFG group was significantly lower than that of other drug treatment groups(P<0.05);BFG2 The group was lower than the BFG group(P<0.05)and significantly higher than the FTY group and the BLLC group(P<0.05);the FTY group was significantly lower than the BLLC group(P<0.05).It is preliminarily indicated that Renzibaifeng Ointment has a certain effect on lung cells against S.smegmatis infection.In the cytokine content,the interferon content in the BFG group and the BFG2 group was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05).It is further indicated that the Renzibaifeng Ointment is beneficial for regulating the body immunity and has the effect of inhibiting the pathogen.In the expression levels of the acid-producing gene RAB39A of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis receptor genes CD 14 and TLR2 and phage-producing phagocytic(Mycobacterium tuberculosis);the expression levels of TLR2 and RAB39A genes in the BFG group were significantly lower than those in each drug treatment group(P<0.05);BFG2 group was significantly lower in TLR2 expression than the remaining treatment group(P<0.05).At the same time,the expression of TNF-a gene in BFG group,BFG2 group and FTY group was significantly lower than that in BLLC group and CG group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between BFG,BFG2 and FTY groups.The difference was(P>0.05).The expression level of IL-6 was significantly higher in the BFG group than in the other treatment groups(P<0.01).The BFG2 and FTY groups were significantly higher than the BLLC group(P<0.05).The antibacterial effect of the word white phoenix.In summary,the Runzhou Crested White Duck,as a newly discovered genetic resource,can be used for meat and egg use in addition to its good ornamental value.In terms of medicinal properties,by adding the sputum white phoenix extract to the infected cells,the cell viability is improved to a certain extent,the cytokine content is decreased,and the expression level of the relevant genes is consistent with that of the normal non-stained cells.It is conducive to the recovery of immune function after tuberculosis infection.At the same time,by adding some components of Renzibaifeng Ointment,cell viability,cytokine content and related gene expression levels are not as good as whole liquid,but there are still differences compared with the control group.The degree of improvement,therefore,the anti-tuberculosis effect of Renzibaifeng Ointment comes from the joint action of the phoenix duck and the rest of the raw materials.Of course,whether the ancient prescription can become a special drug for tuberculosis requires further research and demonstration.