Detection And Identification Of Viruses Of Tobamovirus In Protected Vegetable Croping Areas And Surrounding Environmental Water

There are a large number of plant viruses in environmental water.Environmental water acts as a route of virus transmission and post potential threats to the occurrence and spread of plant diseases.In this study,the water samples of the protected vegetable croping areas and surrounding environment were tested.The inoculation test was used to confirm the infectivity of the plant virus in the environmental water,in order to verify its possibility of entering the disease cycle.The main results of this study are as follows:1.The 79 water samples were collected from Shandong,Jiangsu,Hebei,Shanghai areas.After a series of processings such as concentration and purification,nucleic acid extraction and RT-PCR of these samples.Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus(CGMMV),Pepper mild mottle virus(PMMoV)and Tomato mottle mosaic virus(ToMMV)4 kinds of plant virus were detected.Plant viruses were detected in 29 samples with the total detection rate of 36.7%.Among of these 29 infected samples,CGMMV was detected in 22 samples,and detection rate is 27.8%;PMMoV was present in 7 samples,detection rate was 8.9%;TMV was present in 2 samples,and detection rate was 2.5%;ToMMV was detected in only one sample,and the detection rate was 1.3%.2.In different regions,the distribution of plant viruses is different: CGMMV and ToMMV were detected in Jinan,Shandong;CGMMV and PMMoV were detected in Weifang and Linyi,Shandong;PMMoV and TMV were detected in Dacheng,Hebei;CGMMV and TMV were detected in Heze,Shandong;CGMMV was detected in Jiangsu as well as Taian and Liaocheng,Shandong;PMMoV was detected in Yantai,Shandong and Shanghai;no plant virus was detected in Zibo,Shandong.3.The concentrated solution of TMV,CGMMV and PMMoV were inoculated into tobacco,and plants were infected,indicating that the plant virus in water was infective.4.The TMV,CGMMV and PMMoV isolates obtained from each region were used for sequence consistency comparison.The results showed that TMV-HZ(MG763753)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the Serbian 40-11(KF184654)isolate;TMV-HB(MG763752)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationships with the ChinaYunnan HHGJ(KC572632)isolate;SDLY-FX(MG729801)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the Shandong Taian SDTA-2(MG729806)isolate;SDLC-3(MG729804)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the China Henan pXT1-CGMMV(KY753929)isolate;SDHZ-WL(MG729807)isolate,SDQZ-3(MG729805)isolate,Jiangsu JS-4(MG729802)isolate had higher phylogenetic relationship with Shandong Taian SD Luffa(KJ754196)isolate.SHSJ2(MG729813)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the China Chongqing PMMoV-CQ(KP955400)isolate;SDYT-ZY(MG729814)isolate had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the Hebei Dacheng HBDC(MG729809)isolate;SDFX(MG729810)isolate,Shanghai Baoshan SHBS-2(MG729808)isolate and Shandong SD60(KR261606)isolate had higher phylogenetic relationship;SDQZ5(MG729812),SHMH-4(MG729811)isolate and Spain P95/25(FR671386)isolate had higher phylogenetic relationship.The results show that plant viruses have a tendency of spreading in environmental water.