| Acer ginnala Maxim is a deciduous shrub or small arbor species in the family Aceraceae,it has considerable ornamental value owing to its excellent tree shape,beautiful leaf,especially red and gorgeous leaves in autumn.Sowing reproduction is hard to maintain the good characteristics of mother trees because of the genetic diversity of seedlings and long development period.Grafting is another major reproductive method,but it is not easy to put into practice in large-scale commercial production because of the influence of rootstock and scion status.Therefore,it is necessary to develop an efficient and economical breeding method of A.ginnala.Cutting propagation utilizes the omnipotence of plant cells and relies on nutrients such as roots,stems and leaves from the mother tree to develop into a complete new plant under certain proper conditions.It is feasible to breed A ginnala quickly under the premise of keeping the good characteristics of its mother parentIn order to solve the problem of low rooting rate of A ginnala.cuttings,this paper studied the effect of different hormone types and concentrations,different cuttings positions and different leaf cutting treatments on rooting rate,callus rete and rot rate of A.ginnala.softwood cuttings,and meanwhile analyzed the nutrients and related enzymes activities during the cutting process.The main results are as follows:1.IAA,NAA and ABT6 could all significantly increase the rooting rate of the softwood cuttings,of which ABT6 1 000 mg/L had the best rooting effect,and the rooting rate reached 66.67%.In the experiment of shoot position and hormone treatment the rooting rate of the upper branch after treatment was the highest(56.67%).During the leaf cutting treatment experiment,except for treatment of all leaf cut,the other treatments significantly increased rooting rate,of which 1/2 cutting treatment was the best and rooting rate for the treatment of all leaf cut was 0.2.The rooting process of the cuttings of A ginnala.treated with ABT6 1 000 mg/L was as follows:a small number of callus appeared in 10 days,then a large number of callus formed in 10-20 days.A small number of adventitious roots grew in 20-30 days,a large number of adventitious roots appeared,a small number of cuttings grew new leaves in 40-50 days.The rooting process of cuttings treated with pure water treatment was slower than that of ABT.3.Rooting was closely related to nutrients conditions and enzymes activity of cuttings.During the rooting process of cuttings,with the appearance of callus and adventitious roots,a large amount of nutrients were consumed,while soluble sugar,starch and soluble protein decreased first and then increased later.After 30 days of cutting,the content decreased to the lowest level,and then with the adventitious roots absorbing nutrients,new leaves grew.After photosynthesis,the content began to rise gradually.During the formation of callus and adventitious roots(0-30 days),POD activity increased significantly,and then decreased.The change of each content in control treatment was 10 days later than that in hormone treatment4.In this experiment,the best formula for the cuttings of Acer ginnala Maxim was:1000 mg/L ABT6 was used to treat cuttings from the upper part of Acer ginnala Maxim branches and 1/2 of the leaves were cutThis formula achieved the highest rooting rate,higher callus rate and lower rot rate in the experiment. |
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