| The research area Xiaoxi River watershed,a typical mountain planting basin and taking an area of 4.98 km2,is located in the Liuma Buyei and Miao Autonomous County,An Shun,Guizhou Province.This research combined with the uniquely montanic natural environment as well as humanistic environment of the Guizhou Province firstly apply the eco-clean small watershed comprehensive planning and design mode to the Guizhou montanic planting area with a governance pattern of "watercourse-riverbank-sloping fields" for agricultural and forestry land reclamation,designing of the water-saving irrigating and supplying system,village beautification design and river comprehensive management,which is aiming at solving a series of problems of serious soil erosion,water resources scarcity,improving the ecological environment for human settlement and so on.On the basis of improving the eco-environment,increase the planting area and the people's living standards and lay a foundation for tourism industry development to realize the goal of promoting economic construction with civilization construction.Basing on the existing theories and standards of eco-watershed comprehensive management,we conduct a field survey including site investigation,collecting the data of climate,hydrology and geology,querying the yearbooks to searching the available information.We use the 3S technology to realize various indexes of the research area' s digital analysis.By using the ArcGIS software,we extract,calculate and analyze the information of the landscapes,slope,slope aspect,soil erosion intensity and so on,combined with the survey results and regional function positioning,to divide the research area to three parts:ecological restoration area,ecological management area and ecological protection area.Ecological restoration area is more than 25 ° with few inhabitants around,which covers an area of 0.622 km2.By setting artificial replanting and closed area to reduce the human disturbance,the governance pattern of ecological restoration area rely on the natural forces to make ecologically restore.There are four sealing signs in the ecological restoration area in total.Ecological management area is 2.18 km2,covered by the agriculture and forestry planting region and neighborhoods.The slope of the planting area is less than 25°.The main measures in this area includes anti-slope stone terrace,water storage and drainage facilities,retaining wall,road construction and village beautification.All the measure is to reach the destination of scientifically integrating,effectively conserving water,increasing rainwater infiltration,solving the problems of agricultural and forestry water utilization,beautifying the village and improving the living environment.Ecological protection area is lying on the main river course of the Xiaoxi River and its banks.It takes an area of 2.183 km2.In this area,we plan to make the river dredging,build the ecological river channel as well as riverside landscape belt for satisfying the flood demand,purifying water quality and beautifying the environment.After the comprehensive planning and design,the effective planting area of the Xiaoxi river watershed has increased by 127%.The soil erosion modulus is keeping about 330 t/km2,decreasing by 72%.The total grass and forest coverage is up to the 77%.In addition,the agricultural and forestry water utilization has been guaranteed and human habitation has been effectively improved.The comprehensive planning has laid a solid foundation to the third industry,such as attracting investment and developing ecological picking.It would effectively promote the economic development of regional industries with ecological civilization construction.Our research aims to apply the eco-cleaning watershed construction mode in Guizhou mountain planting watershed area and provide a set of reasonable eco-management system and mode.At the same time,we try to explore a road benefits both win-win in environment and economy for providing the reference to the similar mountain planting watershed area. |
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