Effects Of Different Fertilizer Types And Application Rates On The Growth And Fruit Quality Of Peach Leaves

This research was conducted in peach experimental garden of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences.In this experiment,3 peach cultivars,Jinxiazao oil pan,'Zijinhong 3'and 'Xiahui 8' were used as test objects.Sheep manure and rapeseed cake organic fertilizer were selected as base fertilizer.Six treatments were set up:no fertilization(control),75 kg/plant sheep manure(fertilizer 1),37.5 kg/plant sheep manure(fertilizer 2),2.5 kg/plant rapeseed cake(fertilizer 3),5 kg/plant rapeseed cake(fertilizer 4),7.5 kg/plant rapeseed cake(fertilizer 5)were involved.The effects of organic manure on soil nutrient content,tree growth,photosynthetic capacity and fruit shelf-life quality of 3 peach cultivars were systematically studied;The correlation between common organic fertilizers,yield and quality of the three peach cultivars were discussed,along with screening the organic fertilizers that are more effective in yields and qualities of these three peach varieties.The research yeilds the following results:(1).Applying sheep dung and rapeseed cake organic fertilizer significantly increased soil nutrient content of three peach varieties,There are significant differences among different treatments of 3 peach cultivars,and the effects of different treatments on soil nutrient content of three peach cultivars are different.75 kg/plant rapeseed cake organic fertilizer treatment has better effect on soil organic content.The soil in this experiment is generally acidic.In the process of fertilization,PH of three peach cultivars varies little with the amount of organic fertilizer,but PH of surface soil is higher than that of deep soil on the whole.Relatively speaking,the treat of 75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer has the best effect.The soil total nitrogen content of other treatments is higher than that of non-fertilization treatments(control group),and 2.5kg/plant rapeseed cake organic fertilizer has the best treatment effect.In this experiment,the application of organic fertilizer can effectively meet the absorption of phosphorus by peach cultivars.Among them,the treatment of 5 kg/plant rapeseed cake organic fertilizer has the greatest impact on the total phosphorus content of soil,which can meet the maximum requirements of peach cultivars for phosphorus.Compared with chemical fertilizer application,the application of organic fertilizer can significantly increase the content of potassium in soil,making potassium diffuse rapidly in soil,and facilitating the absorption of peach cultivars.(2).Different organic fertilizers and application rates have different effects on tree growth and development.75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer treatment has the best effect.(3).The increase and decrease of soluble solids content in peach fruits treated with different fertilizers and application rates are slower than those treated without control group,which slows down the process of biochemical metabolism of peach fruits after harvest and is conducive to improving the storage quality of peach fruits.75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer treatment have the greatest impact on soluble solids content.The Chromatic aberration value of 75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer treatment are higher,indicating that it has a greater impact on the fruit color difference of 3 peach varieties and making the fruit color brighter.During the shelf life,the softening speed of the hardness of 3 peach fruits is relatively slow with the treatment of 75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer,followed by the treatment of 7.5kg/plant rapeseed cake organic fertilizer.75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer treatment and have the greatest impact on the sugar and acid content of 3 peach cultivars.(4).The photosynthesis ability of different peach cultivars is considered seasonally,and the net photosynthetic rate is highest in spring and lowest in autumn.The water use efficiency WUE of 75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer of 3 peach varieties is relatively higher.WUE is related to plant drought resistance.The higher the water use efficiency is,the stronger the drought resistance becomes.Different organic fertilizers and application amout have effects on peach leaf transpiration rate,and there are significant differences.75 kg/plant sheep manure organic fertilizer treatment has the greatest impact on photosynthetic capacity of peach leaves.