| Along with the acceleration of China's industrialization and urbanization,a large number of rural laborers have moved to urban and off-farming sectors.However,the acceleration of the urbanization process and the disadvantages of long-term production cycle,high risk and low income in mountain forestry have contributed to a large increase in the number of off-farming employment.At the same time,forest labor is becoming more and more obvious,so the dependence of forestry production on technological progress is further strengthened,which also brings new opportunities and puts forward new requirements for the promotion of forestry technology.This paper selects Zhejiang Province as a case point based on 606 households in 13 counties(cities).Using samples of household family characteristics,forestry production and operation forest technology adoption status based on statistical description analysis,construct an econometric model,analyze the impact mechanism of forest land scale on farmer's forestry technology adoption,and based on the new labor transfer economics theory.Analyze off-farming employment level different forest land scale farmer the impact of the adoption of new forest technologies.On this basis,it puts forward the policy suggestions for improving the forestry technology promotion mechanism under the background of off-farming employment.The research results show that:(1)There is also a large difference in the scale of forest land among farmers.At the same time,farmers have a clear gap in the adoption rate of “new technology” and “traditional technology”.The adoption rate of local varieties is 3.8 times that of new varieties,the adoption rate of artificial weeding is 1.8 times that of herbicide,and the adoption rate of chemical fertilizers is 1.3 times that of organic fertilizers.In general,the adoption of “traditional technology” is the most common,and farmer's use of “new technologies” is less than 50% of “traditional technology”.(2)Forest land has a significant positive impact on farmers' adoption of forestry technology.The impact of farmer's forest land scale on the adoption of “new technology” and “traditional technology” is obviously heterogeneous.The higher the scale of forest land,the higher the adoption rate of new technology.Specifically,the area of forest land has a significant positive correlation with the use of organic fertilizer and interplant techniques.The average forest area has a significant positive correlation with the introduction of exotic species,the use of organic fertilizers,interplant and the use of machinery.It can be seen that the greater the scale of forest land and the higher the degree of forest land intensification,the higher the probability that farmers will adopt a variety of new forestry techniques.(3)The off-farming income level of farmers has obvious heterogeneity in the adoption rate of new technology in large-scale households and ordinary households.The income effect of off-farming employment will lead to an increase in the adoption rate of new-scale household forests,which is in line with expectations.The possible reason is that the higher the intensification of forest land,the more the farmers pay more attention to the tangible benefits of forestry technology to increase production and income.Such farmers will be more sensitive to the emergence of new technologies,and the scale households will purchase resources through income from off-farming employment.Factor allocation to the purchase of forestry production factors,so the scale of households will increase the demand for new forestry technology;the loss of off-farming employment will result in a reduction in the adoption rate of new household forests,in line with expectations.The marginal income of ordinary laborers who invest in off-farming employment is significantly greater than the marginal benefit of labor input into forest management activities,and more resource elements,especially labor factors,are invested in off-farming employment,reducing investment in production factors in forest management activities.This has caused ordinary households to reduce the adoption of new forestry technologies.(4)From the above analysis,it can be concluded that the development of off-farming employment has a certain role in promoting the adoption of new technologies in the forest.The adoption of large-scale households as the main target for future forestry technology promotion is more conducive to the adoption and dissemination of new forestry technologies.Based on the above research results,in the context of the accelerating off-farming employment,this study aims to improve the promotion of forestry technology in Zhejiang Province in the future,and to adopt the high-tech adoption rate,and propose the following relevant policy recommendations:(1)Emphasize large-scale households as the main target for forestry technology promotion,and increase diversified publicity and training on practical new technologies.Encourage large-scale households to participate in forestry technical training and strengthen the linkage between large-scale households and forestry technology promotion departments.Under the reality that the tide of off-farming employment in Zhejiang Province is intensifying,it is necessary to provide targeted technical training to large-scale households with high adoption rate of new forestry technologies.(2)Improve the forest land transfer policy,simplify the procedures for forest land transfer,and activate the forest land transfer market.Although the rural labor transfer in Zhejiang Province is on the rise,the forest tenure reform in the collective forest areas in Zhejiang is becoming more comprehensive and perfect.Therefore,it is recommended to continue to improve the forest tenure system in Zhejiang Province,improve the forest land transfer policy,and simplify the procedures for forest land transfer transactions.Due to the transfer of labor of the farmers,the land that has been abandoned and the management is not well managed is effectively concentrated,and local moderate scale operations are realized.Active forest land transfer market,encourage the development of forest land stock cooperative economic organizations and other forms,and gradually increase the level of forest land intensification in Zhejiang Province.(3)Accelerate the establishment of forestry socialized service system,encourage competent organizations to develop technology outsourcing services,and improve effective forestry services for farmers.Facing the diverse regional forestry and various forestry service demands in Zhejiang Province,the government should play a bridge role,accelerate the establishment of forestry social service system,and ensure the smooth flow of information on forestry technology outsourcing services.Zhejiang Province can introduce corresponding policies to encourage competent organizations to develop technology outsourcing services,and provide corresponding funding support to outsourcing supply entities to help them optimize their service facilities and reduce their cost burden.At the same time,the market of forestry technology services should also be encouraged in order to flexibly respond to the diversified forestry service needs of different forestry operators.The establishment of forestry socialized service system should realize the market of forestry technology services,and improve effective forestry services for farmers.Zhejiang has an active economic market,diverse regional forestry and a variety of forestry services.Encourage the market of forestry technology services in order to respond flexibly to the needs of the vast forestry services.At the same time,institutions of higher learning,scientific research institutions and other entities should be encouraged to actively participate in forestry technical services and improve the effectiveness of forestry technology supply. |
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