Identification Of Trichuris.spp And Population Genetics Of Haemonchus Contortus Isolated Form Blue Sheep(Pseudois Nayaur)in Helan Mountains,China

Blue sheep(Pseudois nayaur)a small wild ruminants,is widely distributed in the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve and is a second class national-level protected animal.Parasitic disease is a common diseases which can harm the health of wildlife animals.Unfortunately,related investigation on the wild blue sheep is barely reported in China.In current study,as for the young wild blue sheep that was failed to treated,we mainly majored in the identification and phylogeny analysis of the Trichuris species worms.As for the wild blue sheep culled from the population by local government agents,we mainly majored in the population genetics of H.contortus worms.In current work,four adult worms of Trichuris were isolated from a young wild blue sheep that was failed to treated and could been classified into two species(.skrjabini and Trichuris.sp)according to morphological criteria.To clarify ulteriorly taxonomic status of these Trichuris specimens infested the blue sheep and carry out the phylogenetic analysis,28S-ITSl-5.8Sgene was amplified.As for the two Trichuris species,partial 18S sequences and 5.8S sequences were highly conserved.The complete ITS1 sequences(470 to 495bp)divergence of intra-species were 0.20-1.06%but the values of inter-species were ranged from 10.69 to 11.29%.Besides,sequences representing the Trichuris specimens from the wild blue sheep were divided into two distinct lineages(Clade A and Clade B)which were consistent with morphological hypothesis.Besides,sequences representing the Trichuris specimens from the wild blue sheep were divided into two distinct lineages(Clade A and Clade B)which were consistent with morphological hypothesis.Therefore,results of the study revealed that the wild blue sheep is at risk of two Trichuris species.In current work,57 H.contortus specimens were isolated from wild blue sheep culled from the population by local government agents in Helan Mountains,China and additional H.coniortus specimens(n=20)were isolated from domestic sheep that were grazed near the natural habitat of the blue sheep.Complete ITS2 sequences and partial sequences of the nad4 gene were amplified to determine the sequence variations and population genetic diversities between these two populations.Also,142 nad4 haplotype sequences of H.contortus from seven other geographical regions of China were retrieved from database to further examine the H.contortus population structure.Sequence analysis revealed 10 genotypes(ITS2)and 73 haplotypes(nad4)among the 77 specimens,with nucleotide diversities of 0.007 and 0.021,respectively.Phylogenetic analyses of nad4 sequences showed that there were no noticeable boundaries among H.contortus populations from different geographical origin and population genetic analyses revealed that most of the variation(94.21%)occurred within H.contortuspopulations.All phylogenetic analyses indicated that there was little genetic differentiation but a high degree of gene flow among the H.contortus populations among wild blue sheep and domestic ruminants in China.