Effects Of Different Mulching Methods On Growth,Berry Quality And Soil Properties Of ’Merlot’ Grape Under The Root-zone Restriction

In order to solve the problem of drought and water shortage and soil fertility in the cultivation process of Ningxia wine grapes,this experiment was conducted with 9-year-old vitis vinfera L.cv.’Merlot’ grape.The plants with conventional cultivation were used as control.Three treatments of no mulch under root-zone restriction,Straw mulching under root-zone restriction and plastic film mulching under root-zone restriction were set-The effects of different mulching methods on the growth,berry quality and soil characteristics of wine grapes were determined to screen out the best mulching mode suitable for wine grape in Ningxia.The results are as follows:1.Compared with control group.the treatments of straw mulching and film mulching increased the thickness of new shoot by 15%and 12.3%.Leaf area and yield increased by 3.4%and 5.1%,respectively under the treatment of straw mulching.2.The Leaf photosynthetic pigment content was decreased under the three treatments.The leaf transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were significantly decreased under grass and film mulching.3.According to the quality monitoring of’Merlot’ grapes different periods and the results of PCA analysis in the harvest period,the three treatments could promote the decomposition of titratable acid content and increase the tannin and anthocyanin content of the grape.The contents of soluble solid,total soluble sugar,reducing sugar,total phenol and tannin increased by 1.7%,19.2%,3.4%,2.0%,and 36%respectively under the treatment of grass mulching.And according to the results of PCA analysis,the quality ranked first.4.Grass and film mulching significantly reduced the evaporation of water in the surface soil layer and increased the water content of soil layers.The treatment of grass mulching significantly increased soil temperature when the outside temperature was low.And the treatment keep the grape root system stay in the suitable temperature Tange to stabilize the temperature.The treatment of film mulching under the restriction of root-zone is conducive to the warming of the soil in the early stage.However,the root system is easily damaged when the temperature is too high in the later stage.The contents of total N and P,available P and available K in all soil layers were significantly increased by the treatments of grass and film mulching.Among them,the contents of available N in 0～20cm soil layer were also increased by the treatment of grass mulching.In summary,the grassland treatment under the restriction of root zone is the best cultivation management method to solve the problem of poor water retention and fertility of wine grapes in Ningxia.