| Blueberry is a kind of perennial small berry tree,its quaint and elegant tree shape,changeable leaves,small and lovely flowers,unique taste and rich nutritional value of fruit are loved by consumers.Blueberry is a high quality eco-economic shrub specie,can be applied as an ideal tree species for landscape and sightseeing orchards.In this paper,blueberries suitable for planting in the Suzhou were used as experimental materials to conduct cutting cultivation for two years.The effects of different cutting conditions on rooting of blueberry cuttings,morphological changes of cuttings during rooting,dynamic changes of exogenous growth regulators,nutrients and root-related enzyme activities in the cutting cortex during rooting,and photosynthetic characteristics after rooting were studied.The research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for blueberry cutting.The main results are as follows:(1)The effects of different cutting treatments on blueberry cutting showed:The order of rooting of the five blueberry varieties from easy to difficult is Gardenblue,Brightwell,Misty,Climax,and Tifblue,its rooting rates were respectively 70.67%,54%,49.33%,41.33%and 34.67%.Peat:vermiculite:perlite=1:1:1 mixed matrix has best cutting effect in the different substrates,peat:vermiculite=1:1 mixed matrix is second.The middle section has the best cutting effect,the rooting rate is 64.67%,while the lower and upper sections are 34.67%and 25.33%,respectively.The Gardenblue cuttings treated with different concentrations of growth regulators have improved the rooting effect of cuttings.The effect of mixed growth regulators on rooting is generally higher than that of single growth regulators.NAA:IBA=2:1 treatment of blueberry has the highest rooting rate,and its total root length,total surface area,and number of root tips are significantly better than other treatments,and root development is best.(2)The results of the rooting dynamic observation of the Gardenblue cuttings show that:After the cuttings were treated with exogenous growth regulators,the times of basal bulging,callus production and rooting were respectively advanced 2 to 5 d,3 to 6 d,and 6 to 12 d.Through the anatomical observation of the cuttings,it was found that the type of primordial roots of blueberry roots was induced by rooting plants,and the root formation of adventitious roots was of intermediate rooting type.The root primordium can originate from the intersection of the phloem and the vascular tract,or it can be produced from the callus.It was also found that the cuttings treated with NAA produced callus earlier and more,and the roots were mostly emitted from the callus.The roots of the cuttings treated with IB A alone were mostly produced from the cortex.(3)The research on related physiological and biochemical indexes during cutting rooting found that:The content of NAA in cuttings showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and NAA content maintaining at a higher level was more conducive to rooting.The content of soluble sugar showed a rapid decline during the adventitious root induction period,and showed an upward trend after root produced.The content of soluble protein is in the process of accumulation in the early rooting stage,and its synthesis and consumption reach a certain balance during the induction and production of adventitious roots.IAAO activity and PPO activity showed a trend of increasing first,then decreasing and then increasing;while POD activity increased first and then decreased.(4)The results of photosynthetic characteristics of cuttings after rooting indicated that:Treatment with growth regulators significantly promoted the growth and development of cutting seedlings,and promoted the formation of Chla and Chlb,and promoted Chlb more than Chla.The growth regulators treatments also had significant effects on the leaves Pn,Ci,Tr,and the difference with the control group reached a significant level,and the Pn value and Ci value of the cuttings treated by the growth regulators were larger. |
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