| Since the beginning of the 21st century,with the rapid development of China’s economy and the continuous improvement of people’s material living standards,the issue of environmental and ecological civilization has also received more and more attention.The environmental ecological data collection and information supervision of forest areas is an urgent hope for the construction of ecological civilization,the realization of beautiful China and people’s pursuit of a better life,and the only way to realize the sustainable development strategy of China’s economy.The traditional data acquisition systems built in forest areas are mostly based on TCP/IP wired transmission or Wi-Fi and ZigBee wireless transmission based on short-range communication.These methods have complicated wiring,short communication distance and security.Not high,subject to natural environment constraints and other defects.In view of the above problems and the environmental characteristics and actual needs of the forest area,this paper firstly studies and designs the adaptive networking technology and scheme of the wireless sensor network in the forest area,and then realizes the environmental ecological parameters and forest growth parameters of the forest area.Efficiency,low cost,high reliability acquisition,finally hardware and software design for collection nodes and aggregation nodes and communication methods,and construction of forest data cloud monitoring platform to realize visual presentation,early warning and supervision of PC-WEB and APP of mobile.The main contents of this paper’s specific research design are as follows:(1)Analyze the feature,characteristics and requirements of data collection in forest area environment and ecology,and study the networking technology and scheme of wii*eless sensor network to achieve efficient collection and real-time monitoring of environmental data in forest area.(2)Study the overall structure of software and hardware of forest data acquisition system,complete the hardware and software design of data acquisition node and sink node,design and customize data transmission and communication protocol.According to the different environment and conditions of forest area,the design schemes of various kinds of sensor combination acquisition nodes and wireless communication modes are put forward.(3)The point-to-point test of LoRa communication module is carried out under the condition of tree occlusion,including communication success rate,packet loss rate and RSSI.The test results show that within 2.5 km,the loss rate of wireless sensor module in forest area environment communication under tree cover is less than 10%,which can better meet the application requirements of forest area data acquisition system.(4)The cloud platform for forest data monitoring is constructed,and the cloud server and database were deployed.Real-time intelligent processing,storage and transmission of ecological environment data acquired by sensor networks are realized.Real-time visualization and monitoring of data on Web and Android are realized.Users can consult real-time and historical data and early warning information of forest areas.Through the actual test of the platform and system,the functions of the wireless sensor network data acquisition system designed in this paper run stably,and the data reception and transmission are normal,so as to achieve the desired design purpose.It has a certain reference value for the networking of forest wireless sensor networks and data acquisition,transmission and supervision of forest areas,and has a good application prospect. |
