Analysis On Momentous Characters And Genetic Diversity Of 19 Potato Varieties

In order to clarify the momentous characters such as yield,quality etc.and the genetic diversity at the DNA molecular level of 19 potato varieties,the morphological characteristics,growth characteristics,yield and nutritional quality of 19 potato varieties were observed and clustered.the genetic differences of 19 potato varieties were analyzed based on SSR molecular marker technology,in order to lay the foundation for the introduction and utilization of potato varieties resources and breeding of new varieties inInner Mongolia.The main results were as follows:1)The color of flowers,leaves and stems among 19 potato varieties was different.The tubers of 19 potato varieties were concentrated,neat,and had shallow buds,and has excellent performance.It has different characteristics in the color of potato shape,potato tubers and potato skin,and its’ agronomic traits were quite different.The largest coefficient of variation was the average potato weight,and 19 potato varieties were clustered into two categories based on the agronomic traits.2)Qingshu No.9,Jizhangshu 14,Jizhangshu No.8 and Dabaihua(2191)were late maturity types,and its’ growth period ranged from 107 to 122d;Jizhangshu No.5 and Jizhangshu No.12,Zhongshu 22,Zhongshu No.19,Xuechuan No.13,Huasong No.11,Huasong No.7,Zhongshu No.10 and Zhongshu No.18 were middle-late maturity types,and the growth period ranged from 94 to 102d;The growth period of Red rose,Xisen 8th,5p-40,Xisen 6th,Huasong 34 and Huasong 33 ranged from 85 to 92d,belonging to the middle and early maturity type.3)The characteristic vector and contribution rate of agronomic traits and quality traits were obtained by principal component analysis.The cumulative contribution rate of the top seven principal components reached 89.011%,reflecting 89.011%of the total genetic information.4)The dry matter content of 19 potato varieties in tubers ranged from 13.93%to 25.72%,and the dry matter content of Xisen 8 was the highest.The starch content of 19 potato varieties ranged from 13.34%to 18.83%,and the protein content ranged from 1.03%to 3.21%,and the reducing sugar content ranged from 0.015%to 0.045%,and the commercial potato rate ranged from 67.65%to 90.25%;The anthocyanin content of 5p-40 was the highest among three colored potato varieties(75.50 mg/kg·FW).5)19 potato varieties were used to amplified with ten pairs of SSR suitable primers,and 163 SSR loci and 143 polymorphic bands were obtained,which the rate of polymorphic bands accounted for 87.73%,and SSR fingerprints of 19 potato were constructed.6)The genetic distance(GD)of 19 potato varieties ranged from 0.2415 to 0.7048,and the average GD value was 0.4090.Based on the GD value of 0.66,19 potato varieties were clustered into five categories:Qingshu No.9,Jizhangshu 14 and Jizhangshu No.8 were grouped into the first category;the second category included Dabaihua(2191),Jizhangshu No.5,Zhongshu No.19,Xuechuan 13,Huasong11;the third category included Jizhangshu No.12,Zhongshu 22,Huasong No.7;the forth category included Red Rose,Xisen No.8,5p-40,Xisen No.6;the fifth category included Zhongshu No.10,Zhongshu No.18,Huasong 34,Huasong 33.