Effects Of Combined Application Of Organic And Chemical Fertilizers On Morphology And Accumulation Of Phosphorus Of Peanut Root

The cultivated land area of red soil in China accounts for 28%of the total cultivated land area.and the cultivated area of peanut in red soil accounts for 49.1%of the total cultivated area.As one of the essential elements for peanut growth,phosphorus is closely related to the growth and development of root system and the morphological characteristics of root system.However,the total phosphorus reserve in red soil is large,but the soluble phosphorus content available for crops is extremely deficient.At present,phosphorus resources are in a state of shortage worldwide,and excessive application of phosphorus fertilizer will cause water eutrophication and other environmental problems.Therefore,using a certain proportion of organic materials to replace phosphorus fertilizer can not only ensure the phosphorus demand of peanut itself,but also reduce the application of phosphorus fertilizer,thus alleviating the pressure of phosphorus shortage and water eutrophication and other environmental problems.In this study,pot experiments of six fertilization treatments(no phosphorus fertilizer,conventional fertilizer,stable fertilizer,rice straw,green manure and peanut straw)were designed to explore the effects of different organic materials on peanut root system,and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for peanut cultivation in red soil region.By studying the changes of peanut biomass and yield,morphology of peanut root,accumulation of phosphorus and soil phosphorus,the effects of different organic materials were analyzed and discussed.The results were as follows:(1)The above-ground biomass of peanut can be increased by applying manure,straw and green manure,among which the effect of applying manure is the best.The biomass of peanut roots in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm profiles could be increased by applying four kinds of organic materials,among which the effect of applying stable manure was the best.The yield of peanut can be increased by applying manure,straw and green manure,among which the effect of manure is the best.(2)The total root length of peanut roots could be increased by applying 4 kinds of organic materials,among which the effect of applying green manure was the best.The total root surface area of peanut roots in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm profiles could be increased by applying four kinds of organic materials,and the effect of applying manure was the best.The total root volume of peanut roots in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm profiles could be increased by applying four kinds of organic materials,and the effect of applying manure was the best.The root average diameter could be increased by applying manure in the 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm sections.(3)Applying manure,straw and green manure can increase the above-ground phosphorus accumulation of peanut,and the effect of applying manure is the best.Applying peanut straw can reduce the above-ground phosphorus accumulation of peanut.The accumulation of phosphorus in peanut roots in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm profiles could be increased by applying four kinds of organic materials,among which the effect of applying manure was the best.(4)The content of total phosphorus and Olsen-P in the soil after harvesting can be increased by applying four kinds of organic materials,among which the effect of applying manure is the best.