| In this paper,the demand for lipid in the whole process of growth of Pramisgurnus Dabryanus is studied.Paramisgurnus Dabryanus during the growth period,yong period and juveniles period,which are 6.23±0.05 g,2.76±0.01 g and 0.35±0.00 g,are used as materials.Soybean oil is a lipid source with growth performance,related metabolism and enzyme activity.The digestive function and related tissue structure were used as indicators to evaluate the demand for lipid in the Paramisgurnus Dabryanus.The main findings are as follows:1.The lipid requirement of the growth Pamisgurnus Dabryanus(6.23±0.05g)soybean oil was used as a lipid source to prepare 7 kinds of lipid with the same potein level feed of 4.70%,6.75%,8.37%,10.36%,12.97%,15.40%,17.13%,respctively.for 60 days,the results showed that(1)When the feed lipid level was 12.97%,the final body weight(FBW),specific growth rate(SGR)and weight gain multiple(WTG)were higher than other groups(P<0.05).the feed coefficient(FCR)was lower than the other groups(P<0.05).Regression analysis of the above indicators can be used to obtain a suitable feed lipid level of 12.80-14.28%.(2)When the feed lipid level was 12.97%,the the growth fish significantly increased the gonad index(GI)of the female fish,and also increased the visceral index(VIS)of the female and male fish,and also increased the crude lipid content of the whole fish,the liver and serum have low density.Lipoprotein(LDL)levels were highest(P < 0.05),the levels of catalase(CAT)and AKP were higher than those of the other groups,and the protease and lipase levels were increased(P<0.05),the intestinal villi were the longest and the mucus cells were most.(3)When the feed lipid level is 10.36%,the serum and liver cholesterol(CHO),triglyceride(TG),and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)superoxide dismutase(SOD)and lysozyme(LZ)levels levels are the highest.both alanine aminotransferase(GPT)and aspartate aminotransferase(GOT)in serum and liver were decreased(P<0.05);(4)When the feed lipid level exceeds 10.36%,the liver cells are unevenly arranged,the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are reduced,and the lipid deposition is aggravated.When the lipid level was 12.97% in the foregut and midgut.The results showed that the feed lipid level was 10..36-12.97%,which could improve the normal growth and development of the,Pamisgurnus Dabryanus,and improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity,and enhance the digestive function.Therefore,the lipid requirement range of 10.36%-12.97% for Pamisgurnus Dabryanus weight of 6.23-20.06 g.2.The lipid requirement of the yong Pamisgurnus Dabryanus(2.76±0.01g)soybean oil was used as lipid source to prepare 5 kinds of lipid with the same protein level of 5.34%,7.43%,9.32%,11.45%,13.32%,respectively.30 days and 60 days,and the the yong fish were fed for 30 days and 60 days respectively.the results showed that:(1)At 30 days,the feed lipid level was 13.32%,FBW,SGR and WTG were increased,FCR was reduced.A regression analysis of the above indicators for 30 days yielded a suitable feed lipid level of 12.06-16.22% for yong fish.(2)When the feed lipid level was 13.32%,the crude water content of the whole fish was reduced,and the crude lipid content was increased(P<0.05).the levels of TG,CHO,LDL and HDL in serum and liver were increased,and the serum AKP level was also increased,Protease and lipase were increased.The liver tissue of this lipid level was slightly damaged,but the foregut and midgut were longer in the intestine.More mucous cells.(3)When the feed lipid level was 9.32%,the GPT and GOT levels in the liver and serum were Lower;(4)CAT,SOD,and LZ levels in the liver are higher when the feed lipid of 11.45%.At 60 days,the decrease in water temperature reduced.the specific growth rate of yongfish and increased the feed coefficient.When the feed lipid level was 13.32%,the growth was better than other groups.The results showed that when the feed lipid level was 11.45-13.32%,The liver tissue of this lipid level was slightly damaged,but the yong Pamisgurnus Dabryanus could grow normally and develop,which could enhance the antioxidant capacity and digestive function,so the yong fish weight was 2.76-6.45 g.the demand for lipid levele s is 11.45-13.32%.3.The lipid requirement of the juveniles Pamisgurnus Dabryanus(0.35±0.00g)soybean oil was used as lipid source to prepare 7 kinds of lipid with the same protein level of 4.70%,6.75%,8.37%,10.36%,12.97%,15.40%,17.13%,respectively.for 60 days,the results showed that:(1)When the feed lipid level was 10.36%,FBW,SGE,WTG were significantly increased(P<0.05),and FCR was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Regression analysis of the above indicators can be used to obtain a suitable feed lipid level of 10.84-12.39% for juveniles fish.(2)when the feed lipid level was 10.36%,there was no significant difference in the crude water,crude protein and crude ash of the whole fish(P>0.05),but the whole fish crude lipid was higher,The TG,LZ,protease of juvenile fish were higher level(P<0.05),more than 10.36% in the feed,and the liver cells are damaged;the mucous cells in the stomach fold are reduced.(3)when the feed lipid level was 8.37%,the HDL,GOT and CHOreached high level.(4)when the feed lipid level was 12.97%,the LDL,SOD and lipase of juvenile fish were higher level(P<0.05).The results showed that when the feed lipid level was 8.37-10.84%,it could improve normal growth and development of the juveniles fish,and could increase the growth rate and the antioxidant capacity of the fish and enhance the digestion ability.Therefore,the weight requirement range of 0.35-1.06 g of Pamisgurnus Dabryanus is 8.37-10.84%.4.fect of feed lipid level on intestinal flora of Pamisgurnus DabryanusIntestinal flora analysis was carried out on 4.7%,12.97%,and 17.13% of lipid on feeds fed with Pamisgurnus Dabryanus,and the results showed that.Dietary lipid levels can change the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora,the feed lipid level of 12.97% can improve the abundance of Fusobacteria Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes,and increase the unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae,the abundance of the Cetobacterium,and reduce the abundance of the Bacillus genera. |
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