Effects Of ABZ And PDJ On Coloration And Quality Of Grape Berries

To reveal the affection of Abscisic acid(ABA)and prohydrojasmon(PDJ)on the coloration and quality of the grape berry,we studied the effects of different concentrations of exogenous ABA and PDJ on the ?Summer black?,?Jumeigui? and ?Red globe? grape.During the early stage of veraison we treated on the grape spike stalks with different concentrations of ABA and/or PDJ.Some indexes of grape berries and the expression of genes related to the anthocyanins synthesis were analyzed.The main results as below:(1)Basic quality indexes of grape berries after ABA and PDJ treatments were determined.After ABA and PDJ treatments the sugar content increased significantly,the total acidity declined.Compared to the control there were some dramatic increase of CIRG value.After treated with 1000 mg/L PDJ the CIRG value of ?Jumeigui?,?Red globe? and ?Summer black? grape changed significantly,with the figure increased 57%,51.3% and 6.2% at harvest.In conclusion,the effects of using ABA or PDJ alone were better than that of combination.And PDJ 1000 mg/L was the most effective among all of the treatments.(2)The impacts of ABA and PDJ treatments on anthocyanins composition and chlorophyll content in the berry skin were also investigated.Contrast to the control,ABA and PDJ improved coloration of the berry skin,by increasing significantly in anthocyanins and falling in chlorophyll.Malvidin-3-O-glucoside was the most important anthocyanin of ?Jumeigui?,the proportion of it more than 90%.Malvidin-3-O-glucoside,Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside,Petunidin-3-O-glucoside were three main anthocyanins of ?Summer black?,the proportion were 90%,4%,1% respectively.Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside,Peonidin-3-O-glucoside,were three main anthocyanins of ?Red globe? the proportion were 56%,32%.Different treatments had different effects on anthocyanins content.Among them,the effect of PDJ 1000 mg/L treatment was the most for increasing the anthocyanins conent.(3)ABA content of the berries after ABA and PDJ treatments was estimated.ABA content had an upward trend at first,then decreased,and tended to stabilize.PDJ treatments was better than others,both of them increased more than 26%.When ABA content reached a peak,PDJ 1000 mg/L treatment was the most significant one,increased 133% compared with control.The time of ABA content reached the peak was one week earlier than anthocyanins.(4)Gene expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis and transcription factor in grape skin after ABA and PDJ treatments changed evaluated.The expression of biosynthesis structural genes showed a rising trend at the beginning,and then dropped.At harvest the expression of CHS,F3 H genes were improved more than 13%.There was a significant improvement on the expression of VvMYBA1,VvMYBA2 genes.PDJ 1000 mg/L treatment was the most significant one increased 127%,32% in ?jumeigui? grape.