Research On Evaluation Method Of Natural Grassland Utilization Based On 3S Technology

Natural grassland is the material basis for grazing livestock husbandry.The grassland resources in China are abundant,but the lack of effective management of natural grassland gives bad result to the grassland carrying capacity low and overloading serious.Furthermore,long-term overgrazing is a serious cause of grassland degradation.Therefore,it is particularly important to grasp grassland utilization timely and accurately.Effective evaluation of natural grassland utilization can provide alternatives for livestock management departments at all levels to implement natural grassland construction projects,such as returning grazing to grassland,fencing,grassland ecological compensation.The remote sensing estimation model can measure the spatio-temporal distributions and dynamic changes of grassland yield,and calculation of trajectory data can obtain the spatio-temporal evolution model of grazing behavior.Unreasonable grazing behavior,which includes not grazing on the prescribed pasture or overgrazing on the part of the pasture,may lead to unreasonable use of natural grassland.Therefore,monitoring grazing behavior is essential for evaluating natural grassland utilization.In this paper,the evaluation model of natural grassland utilization was built,which was based on spatio-temporal trajectory of grazing livestock.Meanwhile,natural grassland utilization is the interaction between grazing behavior and vegetation growth.Hence,the evaluation method of natural grassland utilization based on grazing trajectory and remote sensing was built to evaluate the utilization of natural grassland reasonably.At present,there are few monitoring systems for grassland utilization.In order to realize the algorithm studied in this paper,the prototype system of natural grassland utilization evaluation w designed and implemented based on GIS.In this essay,the pasture of Regiment 151 of the Eighth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was taken as an example,and the research area was studied using three years(2015-2017)trajectory data as well as remote sensing data.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1)To study the utilization of grassland in grazing process,a feeding intensities map was created by using a grid cell method with the tracking data recorded by the global positioning system.In addition,fuzzy mathematics was used to divide the feeding intensity,and then the grassland utilization was evaluated.Therefore,the grassland utilization and the effective utilization area of grassland were obtained.Taking the data of 2015 and 2016 in the study area as examples,the precision of the model was 86.67%.The result showed that the evaluation model could reflect the utilization of grassland better.In the used meadows,in July 2015,the poor utilization of grassland accounted for 76.53%,while the good utilization of grassland only accounted for 4.77%.In July 2016,the poor utilization of grassland was 48.84%,while the good utilization of grassland only accounted for 11.92%.2)To evaluate the utilization process of natural grassland in real time,the feeding intensity of livestock was obtained based on GPS,and spatio-temporal distribution of grassland biomass was gained by using remote sensing estimation model of natural grassland.Then,the feeding intensity was superimposed on the biomass of natural grassland,and the utilization of natural grassland was evaluated according to the relationship between feeding intensity and grassland biomass.The results showed that the herd preferred to feed in flat places,and over 50% of the grassland used were unreasonable because of overgrazing or light grazing.Furthermore,the proportion of grassland area reasonably utilized in Zone 3 in the study area was the largest,which was 69.39%.While in other areas,more than 50% of the area was unreasonably used.3)To improve the informatization level of grazing animal husbandry,Python language was used to analyze,summarize and integrate the evaluation methods of grassland utilization.At the same time,under the development environment of Visual Studio 2010,with C# as the development language and ArcGIS Engine 10.2 component technology,the system was developed to realize the functions of spatial data analysis and automatic mapping.The system realized the visualization and semi-automation of grassland utilization evaluation,and it could better evaluate grassland utilization.