Effects Of Inter-row Grass-growing On Soil Characteristics And Fruit Quality Of 'korla Fragrant Pear' Orchard

Korla fragrant pear is a famous "famous,excellent and special" fruit in Xinjiang.It plays an important role in earning foreign exchange through export,increasing agricultural efficiency and increasing income of fruit farmers.At present,the main soil tillage management measures in fragrant pear orchards are clean tillage,which leads to a series of ecological environment problems,such as the decrease of soil organic matter content,biodiversity,and the weakening of systemic stress resistance,which seriously restricts the improvement of yield and quality of fragrant pear and the sustainable and healthy development of fragrant pear industry.Therefore,this paper chooses different kinds of grass planted artificially in Korla Fragrant Pear Orchard to conduct comparative study,in order to better regulate the orchard grass-growing technology and promote the application of orchard grass-growing in our region.This study was conducted in the demonstration garden of 29 regiments of the 2nd Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in succession of intensive and labour-saving cultivation of fragrant pear.Alfalfa(Medicago sativa.)?White clover(Trifolium repens L.)?Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)?Kentucky bluegrass(Poa annua L.)and naturally grown grass?and natural grass were planted with different kinds of forage as control.Postgraduate grass on fruit quality?microclimate?soil physical and chemical properties?leaf mineral nutrients and photosynthetic characteristics of `Korla Fragrant Pear',the results are as follows:1.Compared with the bare earth,the intercropping white clover significantly decreased the temperature in June-August,and significantly increased the temperature in November.The relative humidity of air could be increased by all the treatments,and white clover had the best humidification effect.Soil water content was significantly increased in 0-50 cm soil layer by different herbage treatments,and soil bulk density was significantly reduced in 0-20 cm soil layer.Different grass treatments have cooling effects on soil temperature at different depths,among which white clover has the best cooling effect.The results of grey correlation analysis on the microclimate comprehensive effects of different grass species in `Korla Fragrant Pear' orchard showed that the microclimate comprehensive effects of intercropping white clover in `Korla Fragrant Pear' orchard were better than that of intercropping ryegrass?alfalfa? bluegrass and natural grass.2.Compared with bare earth,the soil organic matter in 0-60 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in clear tillage.The content of organic matter decreased with the increase of soil depth.The effect of planting white clover between rows was the best.The p H value of soil in 0-20 cm soil layer could be significantly reduced by all growing grass treatments.The content of AP in 0-80 cm soil layer was significantly increased by planting white clover between rows,and that of natural grass was 0-80 cm.The content of TN and AN in soil were increased significantly,and the content of AK in 0-60 cm soil layer was increased significantly by planting alfalfa between rows.3.Inter-row planting of ryegrass significantly increased fruit shape index and soluble solids congtent,significantly reduced calyx removal rate,inter-row planting of white clover significantly reduced fruit core size,increased fruit relative area of outer color and soluble solids content,natural grass significantly increased transverse diameter,soluble sugar content,reduced stone cells content,inter-row planting of bluegrass increased stone cells content.Cell content significantly reduced the calyx removal rate and fruit firmness,and all growing grass treatments significantly increased the content of vitamin C and decreased the content of titratable acid content.4.Compared with bare earth,inter-row planting of Poa pratensis significantly increased the content of Cu,decreased the content of TN and Ga in leaves.Inter-row planting of white clover significantly increased the content of TP,decreased the content of Mg,Fe and Mn in leaves.Natural grass significantly increased the content of Ga and Fe.Inter-row planting of Alfalfa significantly increased the content of Mn.5.Compared with the bare earth,the growing grass treatments improved the net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous water use efficiency of the leaves of Fragrant Pear,and reduced the transpiration rate of the leaves of Fragrant Pear,among which white clover had the best effect.The results of correlation analysis show that there is a significant positive correlation between WUE and Pn daily mean,while there is a significant negative correlation between WUE and Tr daily mean.