| Zinc is an essential nutrient element for plant growth and development normally.Zinc deficiency affects plant photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism,hinders plant flowering and fruit development,and reduces fruit yield and quality.In this experiment,'Shine Muscat'grape was used as the experimental material by carrying out a randomized block test.Three soil zinc sulfate application levels were set in the test,which were 2 kg/667m~2,3 kg/667m~2,and 4 kg/667m~2,respectively,the concentration of zinc sulfate solution sprayed on the leaf surface was 0.3%.The time when zinc fertilizer applied to the soil was 10 days after flowering.The time of spraying zinc fertilizer was divided into 21 days after flowering(spraying once),35days after flowering(spraying once),21 days and 35 days after flowering(total spraying twice).zinc fertilizer is not applied as the control(CK).To explore the effects of soil and foliar spraying zinc sulfate on'Shine Muscat'grape zinc nutrition absorption,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and fruit quality,and find the best treatment though the vineyard zinc effects.The experimental results are as follows:1.The zinc content in grape leaves and fruits of'Shine Muscat'was compared in the experiment,and it was found that:soil application and leaf spraying with zinc sulfate significantly increased the zinc content in grape leaves and fruits;Appropriate zinc content could promote the growth and development of'Shine Muscat'grape plant,but when the soil application amount increased from 3kg/667m~2 to 4kg/667m~2,the zinc content of grape leaves and fruits did not continue to increase.The results showed that leaves and fruits of treatment 6(that is,3kg/667m~2 zinc sulfate fertilizer was applied to soil 10 days after flowering,and 0.3%zinc sulfate fertilizer was applied to leaves 21 days after flowering and 35 days after flowering)had the highest zinc content,and the zinc content was at the right level.The'Shine Muscat'grape plants absorbed zinc elements well.2.After the determination of the leaves of photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and leaf chlorophyll content in this experiment.The result showed that appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer which was applied to soil and the leaf could significantly improve'Shine Muscat'grape leaf chlorophyll content,significantly improve the grape leaf net photosynthetic rate.Not applying zinc fertilizer,'Shine Muscat'grape leaf actual light quantum,apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate,Fv/Fm,Photochemical quenching(qP),non-photochemical quenching(qN)were the lowest and the initial fluorescence(F0)was the highest,when the zinc fertilizer which was applied to soil and the leaf was appropriate,the light quantum Yield,apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate,Fv/Fm,Photochemical quenching(qP),non-photochemical quenching(qN)of suitable zinc content leaf maintained at a higher level,the initial fluorescence(F0)was reduced.3.By measuring the fruit quality of'Shine Muscat'grape,it was found that soil application and leaf spraying with appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer were beneficial to improve the appearance quality and internal quality of'Shine Muscat'grape.After applying zinc fertilizer,the single fruit weight of each treatment of'Shine Muscat'grape increased compared with the control CK.The content of soluble solids and soluble sugar of'Shine Muscat'grape fruit treated with zinc fertilizer were significantly higher than that of control CK,while the titratable acid content of grape fruit was significantly lower than that of CK.indicating that soil application and foliar spraying with appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer played a role in increasing sugar and reducing acid in'Shine Muscat'grape.Treatment 6 had the best effect on improving the fruit quality of'Shine Muscat'grape. |
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