Analysis And Evaluation Of Quality And Safety Of Main Commercial Organic Fertilizers In Liaoning Province

In order to analyze the quality status of new fertilizer products such as commercial organic fertilizer in Liaoning Province,and provide a theoretical basis for the efficient application of organic fertilizer and the control of fertilizer quality and safety risks,this paper investigates the commercial organic fertilizer applied in the main agricultural product growing areas of Liaoning Province.The sampling and testing of commercial organic fertilizer in Liaoning Province was carried out.The collection time of the fertilizer samples in this experiment was from March to October 2018.A total of 38 organic fertilizer samples were collected,all of which were commercial organic fertilizers sold in the market.The main raw materials for the samples were chicken manure,cow dung,pig manure and mixed livestock.Feces,manure,kelp slag,etc.,technical indicators(total nutrients,organic matter,aphid egg mortality,water content,p H,fecal coliforms,etc.),safety limit indicators(As,Cd,Cr,Hg,Pb The content of the tetracycline antibiotics and the tetracycline antibiotics were studied as follows:(1)The qualified rate of commercial organic fertilizer in Liaoning Province is only55.68%.The hardest hit area of unqualified fertilizer according to the type of fertilizer raw materials is mixed manure organic fertilizer using various manure as raw materials and unspecified specific raw materials.Other organic fertilizers.According to the order of organic fertilizer raw materials,the qualified rate of products is 69.23% for pig manure organic fertilizer,66.67% for chicken manure organic fertilizer,50.00% for cow manure organic fertilizer,and 40.00% for other organic fertilizers.The qualified rate of mixed manure organic fertilizer was 37.50%.(2)There are various factors affecting the qualified rate of organic fertilizer: the average qualified rates of total nutrients,organic matter,p H,moisture and heavy metals are: 85.59%,89.46%,93.33%,77.09%,64.05%.Each test item has unqualified products,but mainly concentrated in water content and heavy metal content.(3)The main nutrient(total N+ P2O5+ K2O)content of 13.16% of the tested samples was less than the standard value of 5.0%.Overall,the total nutrient content of organic fertilizers basically met the requirements.The order of total nutrient yield from high to low is:mixed manure organic fertilizer 100.00%,cow manure organic fertilizer 100.00%,pig manure organic fertilizer 84.62%,chicken manure organic fertilizer 83.33%,other organic fertilizer60.00%.The average nutrient content was 8.17% of pig manure organic fertilizer,6.45% of chicken manure organic fertilizer,6.13% of cow manure organic fertilizer,5.90% of mixed manure organic fertilizer,and 4.92% of other organic fertilizer.(4)The qualified rate of organic matter content from high to low is: cow manure organic fertilizer = chicken manure organic fertilizer > pig manure organic fertilizer > other organic fertilizer > mixed manure organic fertilizer,respectively 100.00% = 100.00% > 92.31% >80.00 %>75.00%.The organic matter content of organic fertilizers is generally maintained ata level higher than the industry standard,and the average value is over 50%.(5)The organic acid has the highest acidity and alkalinity rate,reaching 93.33%.Most of the products are in the range of p H 5.5～8.5 as required by the standard,and the average p H is7.4.The average p H of organic fertilizer is chicken manure organic fertilizer> cow manure organic fertilizer> pig manure organic fertilizer> mixed manure organic fertilizer=other materials organic fertilizer,p H is 8.1,8.0,7.6,6.6,6.6.(6)The moisture content varies greatly between samples,and the moisture content of organic fertilizer products of the same raw materials is also significantly different.The average water content of organic fertilizer is 25.19%.The qualified rate of organic fertilizer moisture content from high to low is: mixed manure organic fertilizer> pig manure organic fertilizer> other organic fertilizer> chicken manure organic fertilizer= cow manure organic fertilizer,respectively 87.50%>84.62%>80.00%>66.67% =66.67%.(7)The health indicators of organic fertilizers are mainly the mortality of aphid eggs and the number of fecal coliforms.The results of this survey have not been found to exceed the standard.The organic fertilizers are in good sanitary condition and can be safely and safely applied.(8)The qualified rate of heavy metals in organic fertilizer is significantly lower than other indicators.The average pass rate is only 64.05%.According to the types of raw materials,it is: pig manure organic fertilizer> chicken manure organic fertilizer= cow manure organic fertilizer> other organic fertilizer> mixed manure Organic fertilizers,the main elements affecting the quality and safety of organic fertilizers are As,Cr and Hg.The over-standard rates are 13.16%,10.5%,and 15.8%,respectively.The lower-standard rates are Cd and Pb,both of which are 2.6%.(9)The average content of heavy metals in organic fertilizers in this experiment is 8.131mg/kg arsenic,0.96 mg/kg cadmium,49.76 mg/kg chromium,1.14 mg/kg mercury,15.55mg/kg lead,231.59 mg/kg copper,559.30 mg/kg,compared with Liu Rongle’s status of heavy organic metals in commercial fertilizers in 14 provinces and 6 provinces in the north of China,and the content of As,Hg and Pb in commercial organic fertilizers in Liaoning Province increased by 6 mg/kg compared with the survey results.0.6 mg/kg,10 mg/kg;the Cd content of organic fertilizer in Liaoning Province was significantly lower than the survey result,only0.96 mg/kg.(10)The pollution index values of arsenic,cadmium,chromium,mercury and arsenic in different types of organic fertilizers are relatively small,which is lower than the level I requirement of single factor pollution classification standard Pi ≤ 1,among which Cd and mixture of cow manure organic fertilizer The As pollution index in the manure organic fertilizer is close(11)The overall comprehensive pollution index of organic fertilizer is low,belonging to the scope of pollution degree I,and the pollution level is at a safe level;pig manure,chicken manure and other materials organic fertilizer are also in the pollution level I can be safelyapplied,mixed manure organic fertilizer The comprehensive pollution index is located in the pollution level II and is at the pollution warning level and needs to be used with caution.to the light pollution value.(12)The detection rate of commercial organic fertilizer tetracycline antibiotics in Liaoning Province was low,only 16.00%,the maximum content was chlortetracycline 2.106mg/kg,and most of the organic fertilizer tetracycline antibiotics in the test was lower than0.75 mg/kg.