Comparison Of Feeding And Respiration Characteristics And Infected Transcriptomics Analysis Among The Four Color Patterns Of Oujiang Color Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio Var.color)

Cyprinus carpio var.color,commonly known as"Tianyu",is widely cultivated in the Oujiang river basin of Zhejiang Province and has both edible and ornamental properties.In the production practice and preliminary research work,it has been proved that there are some differences in growth and disease resistance of the four patterns?�Whole Red�,WR;�Whole red with big black spots�,RB;�Whole White�,WW;and�Whole white with big black spots�,WB?.So far,reason and mechanism of the difference among different color patterns of the Oujiang color common carp have been contained unclear.There is no report that whether the difference would link to digestive physiology,such as feeding rate,respiratory metabolic rate,related digestive enzyme activity and immune intensity?No relevant reports have reported it.On the other hand,it is reported that there existed difference on the susceptibility to Aeromonas hydryphila among the different color patterns,however,the genetic basin in genome level need to be explored.In this study,the four color patterns of C.capio var.color derived from the same family are employed to compare their difference in feeding,respiration and disease-infected transcriptome by means of multi-methods such as culture biology,biological behavior,histopathology and transcriptomics.The main research results were as follows:Part1.Comparison of feeding characteristics and digestive enzyme activity of the four color patterns of Oujiang color common carpIn this chapter,the growth,feeding and digestive enzyme activity were investigated among the four color patterns of Oujiang color common carp in two months.The results showed that the absolute weight gain rate and specific weight gain rate of the RB were the highest,which was significantly higher than the other three patterns?P<0.05?.The specific weight gain rate between WB and WR was no significant difference?P>0.05?,and the absolute weight gain rate and specific weight gain rate of WW was the lowest among the four patterns?P<0.05?.During the experiment,the daily food intake of RB and WB were significantly higher than that of WR and WW?P<0.05?,but there was no significant difference in daily food intake between WR and WW?P>0.05?.As for the daily ration,RB was significantly higher than WR?P<0.05?,and WW was significantly lower than the other three patterns?P<0.05?.In general,the order of daily food intake and daily food intake rate in the four four pattern fish was:RB>WB>WR>WW.The feeding rate of the four patterns in day was higher than that in night.The feeding rates of WR and RB which has red color between day and night was significantly different?P<0.05?,Their feeding type belonged to feeding in day.However,the feeding rate of WR and WB with whith body color in day and night was no significant?P>0.05?,which has not obvious feeding rhythm type.The activity of three kinds of digestive enzymes in the four patterns showed that the activity of lipase?LPS?of WR was higher than that of the others,and the LPS of the WW was the lowest.The trypsin activity?TSP?of RB and WB was significantly higher than that of WR and WW?P<0.01?.And there were no significant differences in the activity of alpha-amylases?AMS?among the four patterns?P>0.05?.The correlation analysis showed that trypsin activity?TSP?and feeding rate were significantly correlated with specific weight gain rate?P<0.01?,and the correlation between lipase activity?LPS?and specific weight gain rate was marginal?P=0.056?.There was no significant correlation between?-amylase activity?AMS?and specific weight gain rate?P>0.05?.The feeding rate was significantly correlated with lipase activity?P<0.01?,and was also significantly correlated with trypsin?P<0.05?.There was no significant correlation between the feeding rate and?-amylase activity?AMS??P>0.05?.The above results suggested that the growth differences of the four patterns carps are related to their metabolic physiology,which provides a theoretical basis for further germplasm improvement and breeding of color carp.Part2.Determination of respiratory oxygen consumption rate about the four color patterns of Oujiang color common carpThe professional breathing tester loligo system we used to measure the oxygen consumption rate of the four patterns color carp.It was found that the WW was the fastest to reach the resting state among the four carps.RB had the highest oxygen consumption rate[?109.75�6.61?mgO₂/?kg�h?],followed by WR[?98.74�3.49?mgO₂/?kg�h?]and WB[86.13�4.39mgO₂/?kg�h?],whereas the WW was the lowest[?74.82�2.83?mgO₂/?kg�h?].The difference level among them was significant?P<0.05?.Part3.Histological observation and comparative transcriptome analysis of spleen between the uninfected and infected color common carpAfter artificial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila,the infected group showed obvious symptoms of septicemia,such as redness and swelling of the abdomen,red bloodshot of the cap,scales,caudal fins,pelvic fins and he anus was swollen with white serum,The individual mortality rate of WW was 100%,and the mortality rate of the other three type were similar.The splenic tissue section showed that the cytoplasm of the normal control group of the four patterns was evenly distributed,and the nuclear density was similar.However,the colorimetric sensitivities of infected group were greatly different.The cytoplasmic gap was obviously widened,and a large area of cavity appeared,the nuclear density distribution decreased,and the volume increased.Among them,the change in splenic tissue section of WW was the most obvious.Using the second-generation sequencing?Illumina?technology,a total of 1,316,059,478 raw data was obtained.The GO annotation found that a total of 34,249 unigenes were associated with biological processes,66,452unigenes were associated with cellular components,and 105,949 unigenes were associated with molecular function,with an annotation ratio of 42%.The KEGG function annotation showed that 7,335 unigenes involved in the signal transduction function in the environment information processing component,accounting for 68.67%.The endocrine system and the immune system unigenes were 3,107 and 3,958 in the group of the biological system,respectively accounted for 18.47%and 25.53%in this component.The number of unigenes annotated in this transcriptome was 19,826.The number of genes significantly expressed in the four body color infection groups was 933,of which 619 genes were up-regulated and 311 genes were down-regulated.Most genes were annotated in many immune-related pathways such as complement,lectin,interleukin,Toll-like receptors,and immunoglobulins.Comparing the relative expressions,the individuals of four patterns could show strong immune characteristics when faced with the invasion of foreign pathogens.Among which,the WW individuals are most sensitive to the invasion of foreign pathogens and show strong pathogens resistance.The performance of the other three patterns were generally similar.