| Leizhou black duck is leizhou peninsula quality germplasm resources of livestock and poultry,egg production peak duration long,open from early day age and rich trace elements in eggs and free range,but as a result of leizhou by black duck farmers extensive range,is given priority to with natural selection,the lack of system of artificial breeding,which leads to the varieties of individual differences,feather color is uneven,alienation of genetic resources,at a disadvantage in the production competition,excellent characteristics of itself,there is significant degradation.In order to make better use of the excellent characteristics of leizhou black duck,on the basis of maintaining the population,using the method of comprehensive index method and the method of strain selection and breeding by the combination of family succession breeding to carry on generation breeding to improve the production performance,and provide certain basis for the future industrialization production of leizhou black duck.The main research results are as follows:(1)After the breeding of leizhou black duck with the method of comprehensive index and the method of family line selection and breeding,the number of eggs laid by A line at 43 weeks increased from 124 in generation 0 to 135 in generation 1.The egg weight at 43 weeks increased from 63.35 g in generation 0 to 67.86 g in generation1.The age at first egg decreased from 120 days in generation 0 to 118 days in generation 1.The body weight in first egg increased from 1226 g in generation 0 to1275 g in generation 1.The age at first egg of the B strain decreased from 131 days in generation 0 to 117 days in generation 1.The body weight in first egg decreased from1337 g in generation 0 to 1268 g in generation 1.The number of eggs laid at 43 weeks increased from 108 in generation 0 to 117 in generation 1.The egg weight at 43 weeks increased from 58.69 g in generation 0 to 67.61 g in generation 1.(2)The egg yield rate of leizhou black duck was significantly improved,and the cumulative egg yield was fitted by mathematical model.The Von bertanlanffy model had the best fitting effect.The maximum egg yield was predicted to be 135.46,the egg yield at inflection point was 74.871,and the egg yield at inflection point was31.509 weeks.(3)The quality of leizhou black duck eggs was significantly improved.In terms of the weight,yolk color and yolk weight of a-series eggs,generation 1 wassignificantly higher than that of generation 0.Generation B was significantly higher than that of generation 0 except for yolk ratio.In terms of conventional egg quality of different weeks,leizhou black duck showed better egg quality at 17,30 and 43 weeks,and reached the best egg quality at 43 weeks.In terms of nutritional composition and trace elements in eggs,it was found that eggs at 17,30 and 43 weeks old had their own characteristics.At 17 weeks old,eggs were rich in Se,lecithin and crude protein and Fe.Comprehensive analysis showed that leizhou black duck was rich in trace elements and nutrients at 17,30 and 43 weeks,and had excellent egg quality.(4)The body weight of a-line males increased by 5.94% at 16 weeks and that of females by 2.18%.The weight ratio of 16 weeks old decreased from 8.24 generation 0to 7.15 generation 1,and the egg weight ratio also decreased from 3.49 to 3.13.The weight of b-line males increased by 1.38% and that of females by 2.95%.Strengthen the breeding of 10 weeks long keel,may indirectly improve the weight,egg performance;The Von bertalanffy model is the best model to simulate the body size of leizhou black duck.In terms of slaughter performance of young male ducks,the living weight of generation 1 of series A was significantly higher than that of generation 0,and the difference of other slaughter performance indexes between the two generations was not significant.The slaughter rate of the two generations of leizhou black duck young male duck A and B was 88.05%,88.29% and 87.94%,respectively,and the whole clean chamber rate was 70.54%,70.16% and 69.05%,respectively.The meat production performance of leizhou black duck young male duck was good.In general,the method of strain selection by combining family line selection and comprehensive index method can effectively overcome the problems of negative correlation of egg traits and low inheritance of traits in the process of breeding and significantly improve the performance of laying eggs,egg quality,growth performance,feed remuneration and other aspects of leizhou black duck.While keeping the stable increase of egg production,the performance of A series,such as egg weight and growth rate,has been significantly improved,meeting the requirements of A series and achieving remarkable breeding effect.In addition to lifting the weight of eggs,the B line has made outstanding improvement in egg production,meeting the requirements of the B line and achieving remarkable breeding effect. |
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