Insecticides Resistance Acclimation Of Scleroderma Sichuanensis Xiao

Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao is a kind of external parasitoid of genus Sclerodermus of the family Bethylidae of Hymenoptera,which can be used to control the Monochamus alternatus Hope.At present,the prevention and control of Monochamus alternatus Hope is the combination of physical,chemical and biological control measures.In order to reduce the effect of the insecticides on the Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao,the indoor toxicity of four kinds of common insecticides（Beta-cypermethrin,Imidacloprid,Thiacloprid,Emamectin Benzoate）to the Sclerodermussichuanensis Xiao was mensurated and the Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao received insecacclimation.At the same time,the effects of insecticides resistance acclimation on the growth and development,the parasitic reproductive ability and the detoxification enzyme activity of the Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao were also examined.The main results are as follows:（1）The results of the indoor toxicity test of four test insecticides（Beta-cypermethrin,Imidacloprid,Thiacloprid,Emamectin Benzoate）showed that the amount of LC₅₀0 of the female Sclerodermus sichuanensis are Imidacloprid（1.854mg/L）>Emamectin Benzoate（16.065 mg/L）>Beta-cypermethrin（26.175mg/L）>Thiacloprid（126.570 mg/L）.It can be seen that the Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao can be more sensitive to the Imidacloprid.（2）Four kinds of insecticides（Beta-cypermethrin,Imidacloprid,Thiacloprid and Emamectin Benzoate）were used to acclimate the resistance of Sclerodermus sichuanensis for 4 generations（F0^F4）.The resistance muitiples of F1^F4 female adults to Beta-cypermethrin were 1.141,1.517,2.357,2.848,respectively.The resistant multiples to the Imidacloprid were 1.119,1.341,1.590 and 2.193,respectively.And the resistance multiples to the Thiacloprid were 1.042,1.100,1.207 and 1.449,respectively.And the resistance multiples to the Emamectin Benzoate were 1.806,1.175,1.252 and 1.328,respectively.The above results showed that the insecticides resistance level of the acclimated Sclerodermus sichuanensis was significantly improved by using four kinds of insecticides.And the resistance level increased gradually with the increase of insecticides acclimation generation.However,the acclimation effects of the four insecticides were different.Among them,the insecticides resistance level of Sclerodermus sichuanensis induced by Beta-cypermethrin and Imidacloprid developed rapidly,while the insecticides resistance level of Sclerodermus sichuanensis acclimated by Thiacloprid and Emamectin Benzoate developed slowly.（3）The results of the test of the growth period and the parasitic reproductive ability of Sclerodermus sichuanensis showed that 4 kinds of insecticides（Beta-cypermethrin,Imidacloprid,Thiacloprid and Emamectin Benzoate）were acclimated.And the development period of F1^F4 generation was significantly prolonged,and the adult life of Sclerodermus sichuanensis was shortened.And the parasitic rate,the oviposition,the wasp production and the rate of Sclerodermus sichuanensis are obviously reduced.And the parasitic reproductive capacity thereof was restrained.In addition,that effect of the insecticides acclimation on the growth and the parasitic reproductive capacity of the acclimated Sclerodermus sichuanensis is also related to the acclimation medicine and the acclimation generations,The effect of the Beta-cypermethrin acclimation on the development and reproduction of Sclerodermus sichuanensis paniculata is relatively mild（the development period of the F1^F4 generation acclimated by Beta-cypermethrin was30.47³5.52 days,the parasitic rate was 65.08%⁷5.44%,the oviposition was 25.18³3.42,the wasp production rate was 35.15%⁴0.87%;the wasp production was 17.21²1.47.）.The inhibitory effect of Emamectin Benzoate and Imidacloprid was relatively significant（the development period of F1 to F4 acclimated by Emamectin Benzoate was 30.21³5.21days,the parasitic rate was 61.18%⁷1.47%,the oviposition was 26.10³1.14,the wasp production rate was 26.44%³8.66%,the wasp production was 12.12¹6.47;the development period of the F1^F4 generation acclimated by Imidacloprid was31.52³6.39d,the parasitism rate was 59.16%⁶9.41%,the oviposition was23.43²9.52,the wasp production rate was 31.80%³5.19%,the wasp production was14.20¹9.38.）.It can be seen that the acclimation of the insecticides can delay the growth and development of Sclerodermus sichuanensis and reduce its parasitic reproduction ability,which is especially significant in the early stage of acclimation.And the inhibition effect is gradually weakened with the increase of the acclimatization generation.（4）The results of enzyme activity detection of three detoxification enzymes（Carboxylesterase CarE,Glutathion-S-transferase GST,acetylcholinesterase AChE）in acclimated Sclerodermus sichuanensis showed that the activities of CarE,GST and AChE were 50.23U/g,310.62U/mgprot and 12.01U/mgprot,respectively,in four generations of Beta-cypermethrin acclimated to Sclerodermus sichuanensis（F4）.CarE,GST,and AChE in the 4 generations of Imidacloprid acclimated to Sclerodermus sichuanensis（F4）were respectively:33.10 U/g,291.12 U/mgprot,10.66 U/mgprot.And the activities of CarE,GST and AChE in the 4 generations of Thiacloprid acclimated were 42.64 U/g,276.71 U/mprot,9.74 U/mgprot,respectively.The activities of CarE,GST and AChE in the 4generations of Emamectin Benzoate acclimated were 31.18 U/g,283.40 U/mgprot and 8.62U/mgprot.They were significantly different from the activity of CarE（28.70 U/g）,GST（256.20 U/mgprot）and AChE（7.68 U/mgprot）in the unacclimated Sclerodermus sichuanensis（F0）.It is inferred that CarE,GST and AChE may all be involved in the detoxification of four insecticides in the insecticides resistance acclimation of the Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao.