Investigation And Analysis On Biological Control Technology Of Corn Borer In Zhangwu County

Zhangwu County is an important commodity grain base in Northwest Liaoning Province.Maize is the most planted crop in the county.Over the years,farmers in Zhangwu have been deeply influenced by traditional ideas and have been expanding the area of maize planting.According to statistics,the sown area of Maize in Zhangwu County is 1.27 million mu in 2012,1.46 million mu in 2013 and 1.7 million mu in 2015.These data show that the planted area of Maize in Zhangwu is expanding year by year.With the expansion of the planted area of maize,the corresponding pest problems are gradually exposed,such as abrupt climate conditions such as warm winter.Influenced by this,the corn borer has gradually enlarged in the region,resulting in a great mismatch between the growth of Maize Yield and planting area.Although the area increased,the yield per mu of maize decreased.According to scientific statistics,in normal years,corn borer affects maize yield by about 7%,in individual years by about 15%.Influenced by corn borer,the quality of maize declines continuously.In the market regulation,the commodity price grade of maize gradually decreases,seriously affecting farmers' income.The results of investigation on occurrence and damage of corn borer in Zhangwu County showed that 81% of the survey sites had more than 85% plant-borer rate,the number of corn borer per plant was 1.2-6.8;45% of the survey sites had 100% plant-borer rate,3.2-6.8 corn borer per plant,and 95% plant-borer rate of spike stalk.The yield of 1-3 stem borers decreased by 7% to 11%,and reached an average of 28% when 4-5 stem borers were used.The average yield of 1 borer per panicle stalk was 21%,and that of 2 borers was 31%.In 2010,a large corn borer pest occurred in Zhangwu County.According to the survey data from mid-April to mid-May of the plant protection station,the average live larvae were 234/100 stalks,which was 2.2 times of the same period in 2009.In order to reduce the use of pesticides,the Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Zhangwu County carried out the experiment of using Trichogramma to control corn borer in 2011.Trichogramma can be used to control the diseases and insect pests of corn borer.Its popularization and application are excellent in reducing non-point source pollution of agricultural pesticides and improving the safety of agricultural products.Potential value of social economy and environmental protection.However,the ultimate realization of these potential values depends on the adoption of farmers.This study focuses on the adoption behavior of green control technology of corn borer in farmers.Through in-depth analysis based on field survey data,on the one hand,it is helpful to find out the most important obstacles to farmers' adoption of this technology,and then there are It is helpful to understand the behavioral essence behind technology promotion from the economic point of view.On the other hand,it can also provide more accurate policy guidance for the promotion of green control technology of corn borer,and help to improve the promotion effect of this technology.In this paper,through literature review,questionnaire survey and statistical analysis,the problems faced by the extension of biological control technology of corn borer in Zhangwu County were analyzed.Firstly,the prediction of corn borer was weak;the prediction of corn borer started late,historical data was scarce,and dynamic prediction was difficult to implement.Insect pest monitoring points are too few,monitoring facilities are backward,monitoring and delivery personnel are insufficient,and there is no source of funds,and follow-up work is difficult to continue;second,the promotion and demonstration of biological control technology of corn borer is lagging behind;at present,there are only a few publicity activities for the promotion of biological control technology of corn borer in Zhangwu County,and there are no demonstration sites,so strict.Thirdly,farmers have low awareness and willingness to adopt biological control technology for corn borer.Most of the respondents said they did not know about biological control technology,and were not clear about the control process and operation criteria,so they preferred traditional chemical methods to prevent and control.Fourthly,there were other factors such as bee card quality,complex operation technology and so on.Compared with chemical control,biological control is generally slow in effect and requires more operation,which leads to the current use of Trichogramma to control corn borer farmers in Zhangwu County do not tend to continue using this method in the future.The reasons are as follows: firstly,at the government level,there are some reasons,such as administrative promotion from higher level,lack of participation and incentive from grass-roots government,inadequate technical training and weak publicity;secondly,at the market level,there are some reasons,such as the imperfect development of the biological control market and the inadequate commercial value of biological control.The price of corn produced by biological control technology is similar to that produced by traditional chemical technology in the market.Third,at the level of peasant households,farmers' awareness of environmental protection and ecological agriculture development is not strong,agricultural labor force is insufficient,the educational level of agricultural labor force is not high,and they do not agree with biological control.In the agricultural production of maize growers in Zhangwu County,saving labor force is the primary consideration in their choice of production technology.At present,the environmental impact of production has not become the basis for farmers to choose technology,and most farmers do not know enough about the ecological environment.At the same time,through demonstration and analysis,this paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions.First,to strengthen the support of the government and strengthen the cooperation of relevant departments,it is necessary to put the government's guidance on biological control in the first place.By raising biological control to government and social behavior,the government and its related leading departments can be better coordinated and publicized through clear responsibilities.The related work of guidance,support,service and supervision.In addition,the government also needs to further improve the supervision of food safety and environmental safety,raise the biological control of crop pests and diseases to the height of national policy,at the same time,grant corresponding financial subsidies to pests and diseases biological control people,implement pesticide residue limitation index of agricultural products,and incorporate it into the market operation rules.Preferential policies and ecological subsidies can better promote the promotion of biological control.Producers and enterprises should be regarded as the main body of biological control.They can further standardize their own behavior on their own posts,and balance ecological and economic benefits through the adoption of biological control technology.Second,they should constantly promote biological control technology.Progress and optimization.To better integrate the strength of each department,highlight the key points,overcome difficulties,optimize the current biological control technology for standardization and promotion.No mature model and technology can be achieved overnight,and the promotion of biological control and prevention needs constant adjustment under the guidance of the agricultural technology department in combination with the local status quo,and further innovative application and extension mode in combination with the local actual situation;third,strengthen the training of farmers in environmental knowledge,biological control technology and other aspects.Intensity.As the main body of biological control,it is imperative to enhance farmers' awareness.In the process of investigation,we found that farmers who received more education and training were more inclined to adopt new agricultural technologies,so we should organize corresponding biocontrol training courses according to different individual production characteristics and education levels,and carry out systematic and detailed training for technicians or large producers who participated in the training of prevention and control technology.In order to improve the overall promotion of biological control technology.