Preliminary Study On Water Consumption Characteristics And Irrigation Technology Of Maize On Single Cropping And Maize-soybean Relay Intercropping Systems

Maize-Soybean strip cropping is the main cropping pattern of dry land crops in Sichuan area.The influence of planting pattern and irrigation ratio on water consumption characteristics of maize is studied,which provides the basis for the high yield water management of the single cropping and intercropping.In this experiment,the method of automatic canopy water precision control was adopted.Under the optimum irrigation quota of 4050 m~3/hm~2,the experiment was designed for two years and two factors.The A factor was the planting pattern A1:single cropping,A2:intercropping,and B factor of irrigation ratio B1:the sowing stage 25%+jointing stage 25%+tasseling stage 25%+filling stage25%,B2:sowing stage 25%+jointing stage 25%+tasseling stage 15%+filling stage 35%,and B3:sowing stage 25%+jointing stage 35%+filling stage 40%,on the growth,yield and water use efficiency of maize,draw the following conclusion.1 irrigation ratio and planting pattern have significant influence on soil water content after the jointing period of maize.The soil water content of the intercropping in maize harvest period is significantly lower than that of single cropping,and the average decrease is 5.17%.The soil water content in the intercropping of maize after the jointing period of maize is significantly lower than that of soybean line and between soybean and maize line,which is decreased by 4.83%and 6.34%respectively..2 the effect of irrigation ratio and planting pattern on maize leaf physiology;the difference of photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate,leaf area index and leaf relative water content of Maize Jointing Stage was not significant.The photosynthetic rate decreased significantly by 5.93%and the transpiration rate decreased by 35.58%.Irrigation at the tasseling stage is beneficial to increase photosynthesis and transpiration rate.The single cropping leaf area index at the tasseling stage was 2.24%higher than that in the intercropping system,and the relative water content in the single cropping leaf was 12.18%higher than that in the intercropping system.3 the influence of irrigation ratio and planting pattern on soil water consumption;the difference of soil water consumption before jointing was not significant,and the influence of planting pattern and irrigation ratio was significant after the jointing period.The total consumption of soil moisture was significantly higher than that of single cropping soil,with an average increase of 13.80%,and the maximum consumption of soil moisture in the stage of sowing and jointing period,229.71%in the jointing stage and in the stage in the stage of drawing male,and 99.67%in the intercropping period in the stage of the stage and at the stage of the grain filling stage.The average height is 16.77%.4 the effect of irrigation ratio and planting pattern on the water consumption of maize;the water consumption of the single cropping and intercropping maize increased with the increase of irrigation water.The peak period was the peak period of the maize water consumption,the maximum water consumption reached 7.21 mm/d under the intercropping,which accounted for the total growth period of 22.13%~31.67%,and the water consumption intensity of the single cropping day was up to the highest.To 6.87mm/d,the total growth period was 21.13%~31.51%,and the water consumption was the largest in the stage of grain filling stage,the total water consumption was 25.77%~39.50%,the daily water consumption was 3.87~6.10 mm/d,the single cropping accounted for27.55%~37.67%,and the daily water consumption intensity 4.18~5.56 mm/d.5 single cropping and intercropping of maize irrigation measures;single cropping sowing stage 25%+jointing stage 35%+filling stage 40%treatment corn yield and water use efficiency is the highest,average increase 14.42%,11.71%;and the intercropping(without soybean yield)using sowing stage 25%+jointing stage 25%+tasseling stage 15%+filling stage 35%treatment of corn yield,water benefit The efficiency is the highest,the average increase of 16.92%,18.35%,under the condition of intercropping,increasing the number and proportion of the irrigation after the maize extraction is beneficial to increase the yield and water use efficiency of the maize.