Effect Of Nitrogenous Fertilizer Synergist On Yield And Nitrogen Utilization Of Spring Maize In Central Sichuan Hilly Area

Corn is a major food crops upper area hill dryland siltstones,high production on land utilization appropriate amount big,the low utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer,problems,seriously impedes the development of maize yield and benefit.Increasing the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer can not only improve soil nutrient content,but also improve crop absorption and development,thus increasing maize yield.Therefore,how to scientifically and rationally improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is of great significance to the improvement of maize yield and the sustainable utilization of land.It is one of the important technology ways to improve the efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer application,reduce the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and realize the goal of reducing the efficiency of chemical fertilizer.In this article,through field experiment,facilities with nitrogen?normal nitrogen A₁,subtract 20%nitrogen A₂?two levels,with nitrogen synergist?not worthy to be applied B₁,B₂,dicyandiamide hydroquinone B₃,dicyandiamide and hydroquinone B₄?,four levels,with no blank treatment?CK?as contrast,to explore the reduction of nitrogen with nitrogen synergist for upper dome area soil nitrogen,soil enzyme activity,siltstones maize nitrogen uptake and yield,the influence of for corn production decrease nitrogen efficiency,improving the structure of the soil nitrogen,improve corn nitrogen utilization to provide theoretical basis.The main results are as follows:1.In 2016 and 2017,the morphological indexes of maize plant height and stem coarse were reduced with the decrease of nitrogen application,and the addition of nitrogenous fertilizer significantly increased the plant height and thick stem of maize,and decreased the spike height coefficient.In the case of nitrogen reducing 20%,nitrogen fertilizer was applied to increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer.The combination of nitrification inhibitor and urease inhibitor was especially significant for the improvement of morphological indexes of maize plants.Both normal nitrogen and nitrogen reduction and nitrogen supplementation can promote the growth and development of maize,while the increase of nitrogen reduction is more obvious.2.The treatment of nitrification inhibitor increased the content of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil and reduced the nitrate content.The treatment of urease inhibitor effectively inhibits the activity of urease and improves the nitrogen content in soil.In 2016 and 2017,they are respectively A₁B₄>A₁B₂>A₁B₃>A₁B₁?A₂B₄>A₂B₂>A₂B₃>A₂B₁>CK.The application of nitrification inhibitors increased the soil nitrogen and soil enzyme activity index,and in 2016,the total nitrogen content of A1B2 and A1B4 was increased by 14.01%and 24.20%,respectively.22.64%,33.06%;In 2017,the total nitrogen of A₁B₂ and A₁B₄ was increased by 16.27%and 26.50%,respectively.13.99%,35.77%.In 2016 and 2017,the A₂B₂ and A₂B₄ were increased by2.32 mg/kg and 7.95 mg/kg respectively.8.42 mg/kg,7.39 mg/kg.The activity of soil urease was significantly reduced by the application of the urease inhibitor,and the B4was decreased by 35.34%and 33.87%respectively in 2016 and 2017 with the normal nitrogen and nitrogen reduction of 20%.34.76%,33.22%.The combination of dicyandiamide and hydroquinone is the best way to promote soil nitrogen accumulation,improve enzyme activity and promote soil conservation.3.Nitrogenous fertilizer synergists and their combination have significant influence on the nitrogen accumulation in each period of maize.The application of nitrification inhibitors significantly increased the nitrogen content of plants,and the A₁B2 and A₁B₄of plant leaves in 2016 increased by 2.67%and 11.58%compared with A₁B₁.A₂B₂ and A₂B₄ were increased by 7.80%and 10.42%compared with A₂B₁,and there was no significant difference compared with A₁B₁.In 2017,A₁B₂ and A₁B₄ of plant leaves were increased by 10.66%and 31.97%compared with A₁B₁.A₂B₂ and A₂B₄ were up 4.78%and 12.53%compared with A₂B₁,and there was no significant difference compared with A1B1.The synergist and combination of nitrogenous fertilizer had a significant effect on the amount of nitrogen accumulation in different periods of maize,and had a significant effect on the amount of dry matter accumulation in each period.With the increase of dry matter accumulation in the procreation process,the maturity stage reached the maximum,while the change of dry matter accumulation of the plants in each period was:A₁B₄>A₁B₂>A₁B₃>A₁B₁,A₁B₄>A₂B₃ A₂B₃>>A₂B₁>CK.The nitrogen accumulation and dry matter accumulation of maize plants were significantly increased with the addition of nitrogenous fertilizer.Compared with B1,the amount of dry matter accumulation in B₂and B₄ treated with the reduction of nitrogen decreased by 40.72%and 49.57%respectively.It can be seen that the synergizing effect of nitrogenous fertilizer helps to increase the accumulation of dry matter in maize,and the best effect is to the combination of energy and compound,which can basically reach the normal nitrogen application level under 20%reduction of nitrogen.4.The overall variation of corn yield in 2016 and 2017 is A₁B₄>A₁B₂>A₁B₃>A₂B₄>A₁B₁>A₂B₂>A₂B₃>A₂B₁>CK.In 2016 and 2017,A₂ is down by 10.22%and 9.26%.Moreover,the effect of nitrogen level on ear length,length of bald head,coarse grain,grain weight and yield was very significant.The treatment of A₁B₂and A₁B₄ in normal nitrogen treatment in 2016 reduced the length of the corn bald tip,and increased the number of ears,ears,grain,grain weight and yield,respectively,and decreased by 32.04%and 38.83%respectively compared with A₁B₁.Spike length increased by 2.01%and 3.22%;Ear crude increased by 7.26%and 7.09%;The number of spike grains increased by 0.79%and 2.50%.The 100-grain weight increased by 7.61%and 9.90%.Production increased by 8.22%and 12.25%.The application of nitrogenous fertilizer synergizer significantly improved the characteristics of ear of maize ear,and compared with A₁B₁,the length of A₂B₄ bald head decreased by 30%compared with that of A₁B₁.The spike length increased by 8.5%;The number of panicles increased by5.24%.Spike crude increased by 8.7%;The weight increased by 12.64%;Final production was up 18.13 per cent.Compared with the nitrogen treatment of A1B1,the change in maize yield was not significant.Under the conditions of this test,the yield of corn production was the highest,18.78%and 37.38%higher than that of the non-applied synergistic agent.It is indicated that the application of nitrogenous fertilizer synergistic agent is an effective way to achieve the increase efficiency of maize.