The Standardized Cultivation Technology Of Codonopsis Pilosula Of The South Mountainous Area In Ningxia

Codonopsis pilosula is one of Chinese herbal medicines that commonly used in China,and is also one of the famous-region drugs of Longde County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.In order to improve the production and quality of Codonopsis pilosula in local,and to provide reference for the planting technology of it in the Longde area of Ningxia,scientizing and standardizing the production and management of Codonopsis pilosula,local Codonopsis pilosula were studied to explore the effects of different transplanting dates,planting density,planting methods,nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer combination on the growth and active ingredients accumulation of Codonopsis pilosula roots in this study through field experiments.This study will determine the suitable planting technology of Codonopsis pilosula in Longde,providing technical support for the standardized planting and quality improving of Codonopsis pilosula.The main results are as follows:1.Transplanting date can significantly affect the growth of Codonopsis pilosula roots,and late transplanting date goes against the early growth of Codonopsis pilosula root.On the next year of transplanting,the effect of different transplanting dates gradually diminished.From the aspect of yield,if the harvest was in the year after transplanting,early transplanting date would be suggested.In terms of quality,earlier transplantation owned the higher content of alcohol soluble extract of Codonopsis pilosula.Under the three different transplanting stages,the water content in the roots of Codonopsis pilosula was less than 16%,the total ash was less than 5.0%,and the ethanol-soluble extraction content was greater than 55.0%,which was in line with the requirements of the“Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China”2015 edition.Early April was helpful for the accumulation of lobetyolin,and late April was helpful for the accumulation of atractylolide?.Taking both output and quality into consideration,late March to early April are beneficial to the growth of Codonopsis pilosula and can increase economic returns.2.Mulching film can significantly improve the weight of Codonopsis pilosula root and promote the increase of root diameter;flat planting treatment was more conducive to the increase of the root length of Codonopsis pilosula;high ridge was not good for root growth of Codonopsis pilosula.Flat coating treatment was beneficial to the increase of production and accumulation of lobetyolin,30 cm high ridge-covered film treatment could increase the content of atractylenolide?.The water content,ash content and the ethanol-soluble extraction was in line with the requirements of the“Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China”2015 edition.From the aspect of yield and quality,flat mulch treatment was preferred in the cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula.3.Low-density treatment(row spacing 20 cm,plant spacing 20 cm and row spacing 25cm,spacing 15 cm)were more conducive to promoting the growth of root length,diameter,dry weight and fresh weight of Codonopsis pilosula.However,as time goes on,the gap between low density treatment and high density treatment gradually decreases.From the perspective of yield,high-density treatment(row spacing 20 cm,plant spacing 10 cm)contribute to higher production.4.Appropriate fertilization can significantly improve the growth of roots of Codonopsis pilosula and the accumulation of active ingredients.Using urea 120 kg/hm~2,DAP 375 kg/hm~2and urea 150 kg/hm~2,DAP 300 kg/hm~2 is good for increasing root length,root diameter,root dry weight and root fresh weight,and the content of lobetyolin and ethanol-soluble extracts.Therefore,using urea 120 to 150 kg/hm~2,DAP 300 to 375 kg/hm~2 should be selected during the cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula.