Application And Optimization Of Nutrient Expert Decision Support System In The Central Rice Production Region Of Jilin Province

Rice is one of the three major grain crops in China,which plays an important role in China's agricultural production system.Jilin province is an agricultural province,and the agricultural production status of Jilin can directly affect the development of China's agricultural industry system.Up to now,over and imbalanced fertilization was observed to be existsed in in rice production in Jilin Province,which greatly restrict yield potential of rice in Jilin.Our study was conducted in YongJi,Jiutai and Lishu county,the central of Jilin province from 2015 to 2017 to test the field effect of Nutrient Expert(NE)for Rice,and to optimize the NE fertilizer recommendation according to the �4R principle�.Through analyzing rice grain yield and nutrient uptake,fertilizer use efficiency and rice quality indicators,the dynamic change of dry matter and nutrient absorption in the growth period of rice was declared,the applicability of the NE system fertilizer recommendation in the central of Jilin province was evaluated,and the optimized single technologies were defined in rice production.The researches on application and optimization of NE system in central Jilin provided a scientific basis for ricefertilization in Jilin province.The results show that:(1)Compared to farmers' practice(FP),the NE increased grain yield through increasing 1000-grain weight and grain numbers,enhance farmers' benefits with less nutrient input.In addition,NE increased the accumulation of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K),and thus increased nutrient use efficiency.Compared to FP,the soil testing(ST)decreased the nutrient inputs,but the reduction was less than NE.The ST also increased the rice yield by increasing the yield component factors,the ST increased the number of effective panicles and the percentage of seed.Compared with FP,the ST increased the Nand K nutrient uptake,but the increase was less than NE.The ST's P uptake was highest.In terms of rice quality,both ST and NE treatment reduced the chalky degree and chalky rate,and the decrease of NE was even higher.The investigation of agronomic traits in rice growth period found that NE treatment could promote and increase tiller number in rice tillering stage.There was not much difference between plant height and SPAD value.In the process of rice growth,the treatment of ST and NE was significantly higher than that of FP.It can be seen that the application of NE in central Jilin province has a good applicability,and its application effect is slightly better than that of ST.(2)Based on the recommendation of the NE system,optimized measures carried out according to the "4R principle" including the optimization of cultivation measures,optimization of fertilizer varieties and optimization of fertilization methods.Optimization of cultivation measures on increasing the plant density(HD),fertilizer varieties of optimal treatment for calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer(FCMP),optimization of fertilization treatment including controlled release urea one-off fertilization(CRU),side fertilizing treatment(SF)and side with broadcasting processing(SFS).All the optimized plant density increased the grain yield by increasing the yield component factors.Both HD and FCMP can increase the yield of rice by increasing the number of effective panicles.The agricultural efficiency and productivity of HD were higher than NE,and the recovery rate was lower than NE.The FCMP was higher than NE in the efficiency of agronomic and the utilization of phosphate fertilizer.CRU can further increase dry matter accumulation and nutrient utilization efficiency on the basis of recommended fertilization in NE.The SF was the largest increase in dry matter accumulation,rice yield and nutrient uptake and utilization.The dynamic variation of agronomic characters in rice growing period was basically consistent with NE.The difference between HD and FCMP was not obvious.The CRU,SF and SFS were able to increase the height of the plant and promote tillering,which was optimized by SF.The CRU,SF and SFS processing since the quantity of dry matter accumulation after the tillering stage,which were higher than NE.And HD and FCMP with NE in tillering stage were similar,since less than NE treatment increase dry matter accumulation after the tillering stage.In terms of nutrient accumulation,CRU,SF and SFS were better than NE.Among them,the difference in nutrient accumulation was the greatest between SF and NE.In general,the NE system has good applicability in rice areas of central Jilin province.In regard to NE recommendation rates,suggestions in central Jilin should be focused on deducing N fertilizer input,and balancing P and K fertilizers.One more time of N and K should be topdressed on rice on the basis of FP.The NE system can be further improved by optimizing fertilizer sources and fertilizing methods.The application of calcium magnesium phosphate can improve the yield of rice,and improve acid soil,which can be used in acid paddy rice in eastern Jilin province.NE can also be improved further with adoption of side and band fertilizer application technologies,and with adoption of CRU to reduce labor costs and increase profitability through one application,which is worth popularizing in the rice-growing area in jilin province.