The Changes Of Physicochemical Properties Of Eroded Red Soil And Their Effect On Crop Yield

Red soil is an important soil resource in China.Soil erosion can lead to soil degradation,reduced land productivity,affecting agricultural production and food safety,and posing a serious threat to soil productivity and the ecological environment.Study on the effects of soil erosion on the soil quality of red soil,and to explore the response of crop growth and yield to soil environmental quality changes,it is of great significance for the erosion of soil productivity in the red soil hilly area of southern China.Therefore,this paper provided the pot experiment simulation:CK?no obvious erosion?,ERL?light erosion?,ERM?moderate erosion?,ERD?deep erosion?,ERS?severe erosion?,taking the winter radish-summer peanut rotation crop system on the red slope of sloping land as the research object,starting from the characteristics of soil physical and chemical propertie,soil enzyme activity and other indicators of crop growth and yield formation,statistical analysis was used to study the changes of soil quality in eroded red soil and its effects on crop growth and yield.The main results were as follows:?1?Soil erosion will affect soil physical properties to varying degrees compared to no obvious erosion,severe erosio n,deep erosion,light erosion,and moderate erosion treatment increased soil bulk density by 9.64%,7.98%,7.01%,and 6.33%.The soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was reduced by 3.80%,0.55%,5.42%,and9.33%,respectively.?2?The contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium decreased with the increase of soil erosion.The contents of soil organic matter compared to no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment reduced by 20.67%?47.90%?65.56%?78.19%.Soil total nitrogen compared to no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment reduced by 19.02%?37.02%?58.64%?60.57%.The available phosphorus content compared to no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment reduced by:21.49%?33.35%?34.53%?67.38%.The available potassium content compared to no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment reduced by:4.02%?22.13%?24.31%?25.63%.?3?Soil urease and invertase activities decreased with increasing soil erosion.Catalase activity was not significantly reduced as soil erosion increased.?4?Soil erosion has different effects on the growth of radish and peanut.In the late growth stage of radish,the number of leaves,leaf area and aboveground biomass of radish decreased with the increase of soil erosion degree;soil erosion will affect peanut plant height to varying degrees.,crown width,aboveground biomass,root biomass.?5?Soil erosion has a significant effect on the yield of radish and peanut.Radish yield decreases with increasing soil erosion,radish yield compared to no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment reduced by:80.0%,79.7%,94.6%and 89.2%.Peanut yield on no obvious erosion,light erosion,moderate erosion deep erosion and severe erosion treatment:2063kg hm^-2?2270 kg hm^-2?1347 kg hm^-2?399 kg hm^-2?252 kg hm^-2.