Research And Demonstration On The Ecological Technologies Of Prevention And Cure Of Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker

Kiwifruit is one of the main cultivated cash crops in Shaanxi Province.Its cultivation has became the main source of farmers'income and government revenue at all levels due to the large planting scale and high economic benefits.Whereas,the kiwi bacterial canker disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae has created a great obstacle to the development of kiwifruit industry in our province.The rapidly disease developing rate,multiple infection pathways as well high mortality rate caused by inflection resulting in huge economic losses.Which caused the major deterious effect underlie current kiwifruit cultivation.In the current prevention and treatemnt situation,chemical agents were the principal ways for the disease control.Through investigations,it was found that the chemical pesticides abused and backward drug application techniques leading to the harmful environmental pollution,poisoning human and animal,killing natural enemies,increasing prevention costs and drug resistance.Therefore,it is of great significance to propose a scientific and effective“Green Integrated Prevention and Control Technology”for kiwifruit canker disease.In our investigation,we aimed to study:?1?The key green prevention and control methods aiming at PSA,such as the PSA in different parts of kiwifruit,the transmission route of PSA,the biological agents comtrol,the combination of drug reduction and synergy,precise application and agricultural control.?2?To explore the effect of disease-inducing agents and organic fertilizertion on disease?s occurrence degree and probing control methods.The results are as follows:1.By investigating the annual incidence of bacterial canker in the field,indoor inoculation and molecular detection.We clarified the incidence conditions of bacterial canker in different parts of perennial shoots,leaves,flowers,fruits and roots as well in under the field.Further,revealing the occurrence pattern of bacterial canker in kiwifruit,which providing a scientific reference and basis for the prevention and control of the disease.2.By direct inoculation,frictional injury,knife injury,frostbite and skin hole inoculation on isolated branches and leaves of Kiwifruit in laboratory,the effects of canker fungi on the infection of different parts of kiwifruit trees were observed in different experimental methods.We clarified the differences among transmission approachs,methodology and temperatures applied to the infection of canker fungi in kiwifruit.3.Determinating the EC₅₀ of various biological agents by tube-plate method.The results showed that Tetramycin,kasugamycin,zhongshengmycin,Amino oligosaccharide,Bacillus amylolytica and Bacillus subtilis had different inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae.Through screening and mixing of various medicines,it was found that Tetramycin,copper hydroxide and most medicines had synergistic or synergistic effects.To vertify this method by field experiment,we obtained an ideal effect.At the same time,the effects of Amino-oligosaccharides and organic fertilizers on the control event were studied.We pointed out that the use of Amino-oligosaccharides during the growth period of kiwifruit as well the rational use of organic fertilizers in winter and spring both have the significant effect on the improvement of control event.4.Comparing the 3 different control effects of mist spraying,spraying and applying methods in the field.It was found that the applying method was the best,the control effect was 20.04%and 40.05%higher than mist spraying and spraying respectivily.5.According to the previous inveatigations and field researchs on the occurrence patterns of early diseases,we formulated the Green Control Technology Scheme of kiwifruit canker.The demonstration application of this technology has achieved good control effect of more than 70%.The scheme provides a sound basis for the development of green control technology of Kiwifruit canker.