Genotype × Environment Interaction Of Yield Trials And Stability Analysis Of Qualities Trials For Potato Varieties(Lines)

Breeding for processing potato varieties should be selected basing on high yield,disease resistance and processing characteristics.The traits of processing of potato varieties were difference in different ecological environments.The basic reason lies in genotype(G),environment(E)and genotype × environment interaction(G × E).The effective way to solve the shortage of processing varieties is to screening and breeding potato varieties suitable for different ecotype regions.Potato is a homologous tetraploid.Its multiple agronomic traits were determined by multiple alleles,and the effect of major gene is not significant.In breeding program,analysis for combination the genotype,genotype and environment interaction could improve the screening efficience of processing varieties.The yield and quality traits of potato belong to quantitative traits,which controlled by multiple genes.The phenotype of quantitative traits was determined by G,E,and G × E.In the research,40 potato varieties(lines)were selected as materials.The yield and its components,main quality and colour parameters after-processing stability were analyzed and evaluated.The results are as follows:The genotypes,genotypes and environment interaction of yield components were investigated.The variance analysis of yield component showed that there were highly significant in genotype,environmental and genotypes and environment interactions in the other yield components(P<0.01),except for the genotype and environmental interaction in the plot yield of small tubers(P>0.05).The proportion of genotypic,environmental and G × E interaction variances of yield component were 17.10%-31.05%,4.90%-34.41%,26.50%-41.92% for nine traits,respectively.The yield of per plant and the yield plot of small tubers showed largest sum of squares among with the environmental effects.The sum of squares was largest in total variance of the yield of plot,the small tuber yield of per plant with environmental interaction were 34.41%?32.68%,respectively.The sum of squares was largest in total variance among the yield of plot,the plot yield of large tubers,the yield plot of small tuber,the small tuber yield of per plant,the tuber numbers of per plant,the large number of per plant,the small number of per plant with the genotype and environmental interaction,38.38%,38.73%,41.92%,39.28%,26.50%,33.38%,28.49% of total variance,respectively.The stability of processing traits were examinated in all varieties(lines).The variance analysis of processing traits showed that there were highly significant in genotype,location and genotype-location interactions of processing traits(P<0.01),except for the location effects in the ascorbic acid content(P<0.05).The content of dry matter,starch,reducing sugar and ascorbic acid of the lines ranged from 13.94% to 23.45%,10.20% to 22.22%,0.16% to 2.17% and 6.26 to 19.68 mg/100 g,respectively.The highest dry matter content was observed in G36 and G38.The highest starch content was observed in G13 and G36.The lowest reducing sugar content was observed in G21 and G1 in two locations.The higher stability content of dry matter content and ascorbic acid were observed in G33,G17,G2 lines in two locations;The higher stability content of starch content was observed in G3,G28,G1 lines in two locations;The higher stability content of reducing sugar was observed in G1,G40,G3 lines in two locations.The appearance quality was recorded in all varieties(lines).The tuber length,width,length-width ratio,bud eyes numbers and bud eyes depth of the lines ranged from 58.88 to 115.64 cm,30.71 to 72.62 cm,1.17 to 3.06,6.83 to 24.17,0.88 to 14.28 mm,respectively.The tuber shapes were round,short-oval and oblong respectively in all lines.The fresh colour were white,yellow,buff respectively in all line.The skin colour were white,yellow,buff,light pink and purple respectively in all line.The largest tuber length-width ratio was tested in G26 line.The smallest tuber length-width ratio was tested in G36 and G37 lines.The least bud number and the shallowest bud eyes were obsevered in G39 and G23 lines.The colour stability after processing were tested in all varieties(lines).The variance analysis indicated highly significant in genotype,location,and genotype-location effects for L*,a*,b* value of chips and French fries colour(P<0.01).The ?E value indicated highly significant for French fries colour(P<0.01)and fried chips no significant difference in location effects.The greatest L* value of fried chips was appeased in G12 line,and the stable line was G30.The greatest L* value of French fries was appeased in G35 line,and the stable line was G3.The GGE model can be used to display the data of multi-years-locations.The model can be used to evaluate the high yield,stability and adaptability for the tested lines and the representativeness and the discriminating ability for the tested locations.The lines G11,G2,G27,G34 with high-yield and stability and the lines G11,G40,G31,G17,G38,G35 just with high-yield were selected by using the GGE model.The most suitable mage-environment and discriminating ability for lines identification was Weiyuan.The lines G4,G37,G12 were suitable for frying,and the lines G1,G15,G21 were suitable for French fries.