Transcriptome Analysis Of The Effects Of Tree Shape On The Expression Of Flower-related Genes In‘Yanfu No.3'Apple

Fuji?Malus domestica Borkh.?has difficulties in flowering and alternate bearing,which seriously hinders the development of the apple industry.Therefore,it is very important to study how to promote flowering for the high-quality development of the apple industry.The tree shape has an important influence on the flowering.However,the tree shape has little knowledge of the physiological and molecular aspects of flowering.In this paper,the?Yanfu 3?high-spindle and Y-shaped apple trees with T337 as the rootstock were used as experimental materials,and the physiological indicators?measuring the hormone content and flowering rate of the two tree-shaped flower buds during physiological differentiation?.combined with transcriptome sequencing and real-time fluorescence quantification,the changes of flower-related gene expression were studied in the molecular aspect,and the promotion effects of these two tree shapes on flowering in the physiological differentiation stage of flower buds were compared.Research shows:?1?18 cDNA libraries were constructed.At the same time,Q20 and Q30 of each sample reached at least 98.21%and 95.16%,respectively,and the GC content of each sample was about 47%,and more than 70%sequences were successfully matched,and 1469 genes were identified as DEGs at 30 DAF,and hormone-related differentially expressed genes were screened by GO enrichment analysis,“regulation of transcription”,“DNA-templated”is the most significantly enriched entry,and KEGG analysis indicates that the"plant hormone signal transduction"is a significant enrichment pathway;high spindle-shaped bud as a control,Y-shaped?Yanfu No.3?apple tree ZT-associated positive response genes at 30 DAF are up-regulated and IAA-related promoters are down-regulated;?2?The expression level of 30 DAF transcriptome gene was verified by real-time fluorescence quantification,and the results were consistent with the gene expression pattern measured by the transcriptome.?3?During the flower bud induction of Y-shaped and high-spindle?Yanfu No.3?apples,the levels of IAA,CK,GA3 and ABA changed significantly.The ABA content in the Y-shaped buds was significantly higher,while at the same time the GA₃ content showed an opposite trend.The high-spindle buds in the Y-shaped buds are generally higher than the ZT levels.The high spindle-shaped IAA level was significantly higher than the Y-shape at30-50 DAF,while the IAA level was significantly increased in the Y-shaped bud at 70 DAF.?4?The flowering rate of the short branches and the medium long branches of the stem in the Y-shape is significantly higher than that of the high-spindle shape.Therefore,we concluded that the Y-shaped?Yanfu NO.3?apple tree has a stronger flowering ability.IAA-related genes and ZT-related genes may have antagonistic effects.The differential expression of hormone-related genes caused by two different tree treatments leads to the difference in hormone content,which is the main reason for the different flowering ability of two tree shaped.