Effects Of Fertilization And Microelement Regulation On Rice Quality In Saline-sodic Paddy Field

This research on the salt-tolerant rice varieties dongdao 4 was used as the material,adopt a long-term fertilization field experiment and laboratory analysis,the method of soda saline-sodic soil paddy fields is studied in different fertilization measures and booting stage of trace element control effect on rice quality.It provides scientific basis for the rational fertilization of saline-sodic soil rice to obtain high quality rice.The results show that:1.The brown rice rate,milled rice rate and head milled rice rate of rice under chemical fertilizer treatment were higher than those without fertilization,among which NPK treatment significantly improved the processing quality of rice,the brown rice rate was 82.0%,the milled rice rate was 69.9%,and the whole milled rice rate was 67.9%.Under the fixed nitrogen application level,NP,NK and NPK treatment reduced the chalkiness and chalky grain rate of rice,the maximum decreases of chalkiness and chalky grain rate were 25.3%and 13.6%,respectively;and improved the grain type and appearance quality of rice.At the same time,the amylose content of rice was reduced,the gel consistency was increased,and the cooking and eating quality of rice was improved.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers alone had certain effects on RVA spectral characteristics of rice,and the reduction value of nitrogen fertilizer alone was the greatest 653 cP deterioration of rice quality.The protein content of rice treated with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers was higher than that treated with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers alone.With the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,rice nutrition and cooking and eating quality improved significantly.The protein content,amylose content and taste value of rice treated with NPK were 7.49%,15.1%and 73.5 respectively.The content of Ca²⁺in rice increased under chemical fertilizer treatment,and Mg/K 0.29 in NPK treatment was the largest.Comprehensive analysis showed that the combined application of N,P and K fertilizer was superior to other chemical fertilizer treatments.2.Compared with CK,NPK,M,MNPK and RNPK treatments increased brown rice rate,milled rice rate and milled rice rate,and improved rice processing quality to a certain extent,the increase ranges are 2.0%⁵.0%,1.0%³.4%and 1.8%⁴.1%respectively.NPK and M treatments improved rice appearance quality,while MNPK and RNPK treatments reduced rice appearance quality.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer combined application can improve rice protein content,water content and rice taste,the peak viscosity 2601 cP,hot paste viscosity 1784 cP,gelatinization temperature 70.2 C,breakdown value 817 cP and setback value 90 cP are the best in RVA spectrum eigenvalues,which is the best fertilization measure in the early stage of rice planting in soda saline-sodic paddy.Although MNPK and RNPK treatment improve rice processing and nutritional quality,but reduce the appearance quality and taste of rice.Therefore,rice quality can not be improved by organic fertilization in saline-sodic paddy field in a short time.Rational application of chemical fertilizer should be an important fertilization measure in the primary stage of rice planting in saline-sodic paddy field.Organic fertilization and rice quality improvement in saline-sodic paddy field is a long-term process,which needs further study.3.Applying leaf fertilizer at the booting stage of paddy can improve the processing quality of paddy.Microbial leaf fertilizer treatment compared with CK increases the chalkiness degree 13.8%and chalky grain rate of paddy 20%,decreases the amylose content 30.1%,increases the gel consistency 6.3%,increases the potein content 23.8%,increases the peak viscosity and breakdown value,and reduces the setback value.The cooking taste is improved.The application of magnesium leaf fertilizer?MG?affects the accumulation of calcium of paddy.Compared with CK treatment,TE-MG increases the content of amylose 7.2%,peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity and breakdown value decreased by 149 cP,66 cP and 83 cP,respectively,which reduces the cooking and eating quality of paddy.The magnesium and potassium contents of paddy treated by Mg²⁺?394.0mg/kg?,K⁺?1459.3mg/kg?were better than those by copper and zinc CuZn leaf fertilizer?TX?,however Mg/K was lower than latter.Accoding to the comprehensive performance of quality traits,it is necessary to pay attention to low amylose content and low protein content for the increase of taste of rice varieties.But it is also necessary to take other quality indicators into account.Comprehensive analysis,the impact on paddy quality TX>MG>TE>TE-TX>TE-MG.4.Different fertilization measures and leaf fertilizer regulation at the booting stage in soda saline-sodic soil showed significant or extremely significant positive correlation between rice processing quality traits.There was a significant positive correlation between chalkiness degree and chalky grain rate.And the correlation between rice shape and rice chalkiness was not significant.Under different fertilization measures,there was a significant negative correlation between chalkiness degree and processing quality traits.So was to chalkiness degree and processing quality traits.Under the regulation of microelements,the correlation between rice processing quality and appearance quality traits was insignificant.Although a certain correlation between the eating quality of rice and the nutritional quality traits,and the characteristic values of Mg/K and RVA spectral characteristics exits,it will be influenced by spraying leaf fertilizer regulation at the booting stage and using different fertilization measures as treatment in the early stage of rice planting.