Study On The Best Harvesting Period And Suitable Strains Of Armillaria For The Cultivation Of Gastrodia Elata Bl. F. Glauca S. Chow In Yiliang

The orchid speices Gastrodia elata is a perennial herb and a traditional precious Chinese medicine,of which G.elata Bl.F.Glauca S.Chow is the best among the different species.The G.elata Bl.F.Glauca S.Chow was cultivated in Xiaocaoba,Yiliang,Zhaotong,Yunnan Province.The thesis measured the yield of G.elata,the content of gastrodin,p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and polysaccharide to determine the best harvest time and Armillaria strains,which will provide theoretical guidance for the cultivation of G.elata in Yiliang.To determine the best harvesting period,G.elata were planted in March and were harvested in October,November of the present year and March of the next.The content of gastrodin,gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol from G.elata harvested in November were the highest,reaching 5.813 mg/g,5.951 mg/g,respectively with significant difference from those in October and March(P<0.01).The content of polysaccharides from G.elata harvested in November was significantly higher than those in October and March(P<0.05),reaching 21.321 mg/g.Therefore,the optimal harvest period of G.elata in Yiliang is November.To determine the effects of different Armillaria strains on the yield and quality of G.elata,G.elata were cultivated with four different Armillaria strains.They were cultivated in March and harvested in November.The rDNA-ITS,?-tubulin and tef1-? gene sequences of the Armillaria strains were combined for comparative analysis.It was found that the M1 strain was Armillaria gallica.The content of gastrodin was 5.813 mg/g,and the total content of gastrodin and phydroxybenzyl alcohol was 5.951 mg/g in G.elata cultivated with M1 strain,which was higher than others.So M1 could be the most suitable strain for the cultivation of G.elata in Yiliang.The changes of extracellular enzymes and polysaccharides in Armillaria strains were regular.The growth amount,extracellular enzyme activity and polysaccharides were compared between M1 with SM1.The M1 strain was better than SM1 with the faster growth,thicker rhizomorphs and more branches.Xylanase was the main extracellular enzyme of Armillaria and its activity was much higher than other enzyme.The xylanase activity of M1 strain showed the advantage of rapid growth.The highest content of polysaccharides in M1 and SM1 mycelia were 38.958 mg/g and 32.717 mg/g,respectively.The accumulation of polysaccharides was significantly correlated with the secretion of extracellular enzymes laccase and xylanase.The M1 was preliminarily determined as the better strain by the comparison and analysis of the growth amount,extracellular enzyme activity and mycelial polysaccharides between M1 and SM1.The preliminary exploration of the cultivation,the harvesting time and the most suitable Armillaria strain of G.elata were carried out,which will provide theoretical guidance for the cultivation of G.elata in Yiliang.