Study On The Influencing Factors Of Bombus Terrestris(Hymenoptera:Apidae)Mating Behavior

With the development of facility agriculture,bumble bees are widely used as excellent pollinating insects in facility crops.In the artificial breeding of bumble bees,mating of queen bees and male bees is one of the important factors affecting the success rate of bumblebee breeding.In recent years,studies have found that intestinal microorganisms affect insect mating and spawning,and our previous studies have found that there are obvious differences in the intestinal microorganisms of queen bees in different reproductive and physiological stages,with their own dominant bacteria.Research on the mating behavior of male bees is still lacking.Therefore,in this experiment,Bombus terrestris were used as the research object to study the factors that affect the mating of bumblebee queen bee and male bees.The main results are as follows:1.The relationship between the age and weight of queen and matingIn the mating process of the virgin queen and sexually mature male at different ages of house-exit,we found that the mating rate of the queen increased significantly with the age,3d(24.44%),4 d(28.89%),5 d(40%),6 d(57.78%),7 d(71.11%)and the latency time of the queen was gradually reduced.From 31.25min when the queens came out of the house on 3 d to 10.55min on 7 d,the difference was significant(P=0.03).Bombus grow older as they leave the house,increasing their feeding,gradually adapting to the external environment,and reaching sexual maturity,which can increase the mating rate.Bombus have sexually selected mating traits during mating.The queen with a large body weight is more likely to be favored by male and complete mating.2.Dynamic changes of intestinal microorganisms in male bees at different reproductive stagesThe intestinal bacterial composition of the queen between different age is obviously different.For the composition of the intestinal flora of male after mating,we design experiments to investigate the inherent factors that affect mating through the research of both mating parties.We tested the intestinal bacteria in different physiological states of male.The results showed that the six kinds of bacteria measured gradually increased from 1 to 23 days after the house.The content of Bacillus was 4.8×10~3 after mating 6 days,and the content of Bacillus in the intestinal tract at the same day was 6×10~2.And the result is difference(P=0.01).3.Isolation,culture of Bacillus and the relationship with matingThrough the isolation and culture of bumblebee intestinal bacteria,we obtained a total of 25 single strains,including 2 strains of Bacillus.In recent years,it was found that the content of Bacillus in the intestine after mating of the queen.Queen was significantly higher than before mating.After mating with Bacillus.The mating rate of the queen bee was 50%on 4 days,while the mating rate of the queen bee who was not fed Bacillus was 30%.The mating rate of the queen bee was 60%in the feeding group for 5days and 40%in the unfeeding group.Feeding Bacillus can significantly increase the bumblebee mating rate and provide the success rate of bumblebee artificial breeding.