| In recent years,driven by national policies,organic fertilizers have been paid more and more attention in China's agricultural production,and their proportion in agricultural fertilizer inputs has been continuously increasing.However,at present,domestic organic fertilizer spreading machinery has problems such as extensive fertilizer spreading and low automation.It is difficult to accurately control the amount of organic fertilizer spread according to agronomic requirements,which limits the promotion and use of organic fertilizer.Therefore,this paper studies the quantitative fertilizer discharge mechanism and control system of the centrifugal disc type organic fertilizer spreading machine to achieve quantitative and precise spreading of loose organic fertilizer,thereby solving the above problems.This article starts with the analysis and analysis of the physical characteristics of loose organic fertilizer,optimizes the design and dynamic simulation of the quantitative fertilizer discharge mechanism of the organic fertilizer spreader,determines the software and hardware design scheme of the control system,and conducts field test verification.The main research contents are as follows:(1)By analyzing the domestic and international research status of organic fertilizer spreading machinery,the research objectives and research technical route are determined.To study the physical characteristics of loose organic fertilizer,determine the moisture content,particle size,bulk density,angle of repose and other parameters of loose organic fertilizer to provide basic parameters for subsequent research.It was determined that the particle size of the loose organic fertilizer used in the experiment was mainly distributed in the interval of 2.8mm?4.0mm,the peak particle size reached 6.5 mm,the median particle size was 3.5 mm,the water content was 9.1%,and the bulk density was 0.61 g/cm~3,the angle of repose is 38.8°.(2)In order to install the control system of the organic fertilizer spreader,optimize the design of the quantitative fertilizer discharge mechanism of the centrifugal disc type organic fertilizer spreader,improve the driving mode of the fertilizer conveying chain plate and the fertilizer retaining plate,and use EDEM simulation software Create an organic fertilizer particle model,and perform dynamic simulation analysis on the fertilizer discharge process.The simulation results show that the improved organic manure spreading machine has stable and stable fertilizer adjustment.The rotation speed of the fertilizer conveying plate is non-linearly related to the change of the amount of fertilizer.The opening of the fertilizer barrier is linearly related to the change of the amount of fertilizer.(3)Design the overall plan of the control system of the organic fertilizer spreader,and design and select the control components.The machine speed is monitored by the GPS module,the rotation speed sensor is installed to monitor the rotation speed of the fertilizer chain plate,and the displacement sensor is installed to monitor the opening position of the fertilizer barrier.And install the angle sensor to monitor the open state of the fertilizer box door,install multiple monitoring cameras to observe the inside of the fertilizer box and the effect of the spreading operation in real time.The opening degree of the fertilizer barrier and the fertilizer box door is controlled by controlling the opening time of the hydraulic valve,and the rotation speed of the fertilizer transmission chain plate is controlled by controlling the flow of the hydraulic flow valve.(4)Through the study of the fertilizer discharge process of the loose organic fertilizer spreading machine,determine the control algorithm of the fertilizer spread,construct the TS fuzzy neural network control model,use the data samples to train and learn the fuzzy neural network,realize the predictive control of the amount of fertilizer spread.(5)Through field tests,verify the actual operating effect of the control system.According to the results of the single-fertilizer discharge experiment,the maximum control error of the fertilizer discharge rate at the speed of the fertilizer conveying chain plate is 4.9%and the average error is 3.3%;the maximum control error of the fertilizer plate opening condition is 3.9%and the average error 2.5%.According to the field fertilizer spreading test results,under different fertilizer spreading requirements,the control system sets the maximum deviation between the spreading amount and the actual spreading amount to be9.3%,and the average deviation is 7.2%.The test results show that the control system can effectively monitor the operation of fertilizer spreading,the range of fertilizer spreading control can meet the needs,the control stability is good,and it can meet the needs of agricultural production. |
PDF Full Text Request