Design And Experimental Study Of Key Components Of Ridge Core Arc Precise Fertilization And Application Equipment For Sweet Potato

With a long history of planting in China,sweet potato ranks the first in terms of planting area and yield in the world,and ranks the fourth in terms of yield of domestic food crops,only second to rice,wheat and corn.It can not only be used as food crops,but also play an important role in energy field and health care function.Ridging is preparation of sweet potato cultivation,seedling bed environment for growth and development of sweet potato,appropriate seedbed environment is conducive to the improvement of sweet potato production,quality improvement,and ridging process need to use a certain amount of basal and drug prevention and control of underground pests,and fertilizer,medicine layered cast in the curved surface of ridge core,can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizer,medicine and improve the quality of sweet potato and commercial.Based on the research status of the existing technologies at home and abroad,the ridge technology of rotary tillage has been relatively mature,and a few of the technical equipment have the functions of fertilization and application,but the fertilization and application methods are mostly strip application,with a large amount of fertilizer and medicine,and there is no focus on the fertilizer and medicine location.In addition to the social reality of severe shortage of rural labor force,it is particularly important to study the operation equipment of mechanized ridge core arc fertilization and application of sweet potato.This study given the sweet potato fertilization,applying pesticide applied after machinery operation,poor efficacy,underground pest cannot effectively control problems such as uneven,and potato chips,through the investigation and literature,puts forward appropriate silty loam,light clay sweet potato mechanization,ridging,applying fertilizer,pesticide applying mode study design a new type of ridge core arc precision pesticide applying fertilizer equipment.The key components were optimized by the combination of theoretical calculation and experimental research,and matched with the large tractor of 66-88 kw,so as to achieve the standard ridge-raising operation and the double-layer arc release surface with the medicine on the top and the fertilizer on the bottom.The following is the main research content of the paper:(1)The planting range of sweet potato in China is wide.According to the soil environment,cultivation mode and other conditions,it is divided into several planting areas.After consulting books and conducting research in the early stage,several modes of ridge raising,fertilization and pesticide application suitable for sweet potato planting are summarized.(2)Solidworks and Inventor software were used to model the precise fertilization and application equipment of double ridge core arc in sweet potato,and the mechanical analysis was carried out on the key parts of the equipment,including the fertilizer shovel,the application shovel,the ridge plough,the structure of the compactor,the fertilizer discharging wheel and the medicine discharging wheel.(3)On the basis of single factor test,carry out the orthogonal test design for the precise fertilization and application equipment of double ridge core arc of sweet potato,determine the optimal structure parameters and working parameters,the optimal combination is the forward speed of 2.1 km/h,thespacing between the front and back of the fertilization shovel and the application shovel is 600 mm,and the structure form of the crusher is oblique pressure,Field validation test showed that the pass rate of ridge parameters was 98.6%,and that of fertilizer and medicine stratification was 99.1%.(4)After the whole machine test,optimize the parameters of the fertilization and dosing device,determine the test indicators and conduct a single factor test on the main influencing factors,use SPSS software for data analysis,and obtain the functional relationship between the test indicators and test factors and the fitting curve;After that,the response surface test Design was made by using the Design Expert software,and the box-benhmken central combination test Design principle was applied to test the key components.The optimal parameter combination and response surface analysis diagram were obtained.Test results showed that when the fan speed was 3500r/min,the fan speed was 55r/min,and the separation plate spacing was 100 mm,the qualified rate of effective width was 96.7%,and the variation coefficient of consistency of fertilization was 7.3%.