Hybridization Between Phyllostachys Edulis And P.violascens,and Identification And Early Growth Characteristics Of The Hybrids

Crossbreeding has great significance for the formation of new species.Due to the long flowering interval of most bamboo species,the crossbreeding process of bamboo is under way The hybrids between the caespitose bamboo species with excellent traits have been selected,and some advantageous new varieties have been cultivated.The hybrids between the scattered bamboos species is rare.Using Phyllostachys edulis and P.violascens,which are newly blooming and have excellent growth characteristics and shoot material,to carry out interspecific hybridization,which is expected to provide a reference for the future hybridization between scattered bamboo plants and break through the bottleneck of new varieties in the bamboo industry.1.Taking P.violascens as the male parent and P.edulis as the female parent,the field cross breeding is carried out.The semi flowering P.violascens was dug in Lin'an area of Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province,and the small-scale flowering P.violascens was cultivated by the way of buried scourge propagation.It was transported to Dajing Yao Township,Lingchuan County,Guilin City,Guangxi Province.The flowering P.edulis with good living environment and in full bloom stage was selected as the female parent,and field hybridization was carried out through the processes of artificial emasculation and pollination.In order to improve the yield of hybrid seeds,water and fertilizer management was carried out by spraying branches and leaves and injecting bamboo.During the three-year period(2017-2019),2650 small flowers were pollinated,and 473 seeds were obtained.The average pregnancy rate was 17.18%.And a total of 48 suspected hybrid seedlings were obtained in 2017-2018(statistics in October 2019)2.The average length,diameter,1000-grain weight,germination rate and emergence rate of the suspected hybrids obtained from field crosses were significantly less than those of the self-cultivated seeds of P.edulis(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the average leaf length,leaf width,and plant height of the suspected hybrid seedlings obtained in 2017 were slightly lower,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The average tiller number,ground diameter and bamboo number were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01),the total number of shoots was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the shoot height and the growth trend of bamboo shoots(P>0.05).At the same time,the suspected hybrids had earlier shoots,and some of the shoot sheaths appeared similar wrinkles of the male parent.The average leaf length,leaf width,tiller and plant height of the suspected hybrid lines obtained in 2018 compared with the control group were slightly lower,and the difference was not significant(P>0.05).In conclusion,compared with the control group,the suspected hybrid seedlings showed no significant difference in the growth phenotype indicators of the annual suspected hybrids.This phenomenon may be due to the long growth period of the loose bamboo plants and the shorter culture period.The growth of suspected hybrids began to manifest itself.3.After preliminary screening,the cultivar with the potential of excavation of dominant germplasm resources were screened out,which were numbered a2,a3,a6,a7,a9,a11,a12.The advantages of rapid propagation of the three suspected hybrids numbered a2,a6,a9,and a11 are extremely significant.The total number of tillers and shoots of the series of plants is 40%-200%higher than that of the control group.The hybrids numbered a7,has a greater advantage in terms of growth.The hybrids of this series have great potential for growth.The total number of shoots and the number of bamboo shoots in the series are compared with those of young shoots.In the control group,the self-crossing gain advantage is as high as 40%-120%;The three suspected hybrids,number a3,a12are highly advantageous in most aspects of eight phenotype characteristics such as leaf length,leaf width,and plant height.The gain values of all aspects range from 1%to 1 81%.Both growth and rapid propagation have enormous potential for germplasm mining4.This study is the first to introduce TP-M13-SSR technology into bamboo plants,15 pairs of SSR primers were screened out from 98 pairs of SSR markers that have been developed,it can be used for TP-M13-SSR technology to identify hybrid cultivar,13 pairs of SSR primers were screened in the remaining primers for routine capillary electrophoresis Using TP-M13-SSR fluorescent labeling capillary electrophoresis technology and conventional capillary electrophoresis technology,the suspected hybrids numbered a13,a16,b2,c5,d1,d2,d4,d7 have parental bands,which are P.violascens and P.edulis,hybrid progeny provides molecular evidence Due to the different inserted fragments of the gene locus of the male parent,it is still necessary to select suitable primers for the identification of the suspected hybrids that have not yet been identified.