| The field experiment was conducted in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University experimental base in Lindian County,Daqing City,Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2018 to explore the effect of foliar spraying of plant growth regulators on the growth and yield of legume crops.Soybean(Kenfeng 41),kidney bean(British Red),mung bean(Lvfeng 2)and Adzuki Bean(longkenhong 2)were used as test varieties.DTA-6 and S3307 were used as test regulators.The leaves were sprayed in the early flowering stage(R1 stage),and water was sprayed as the control.The effects of the two plant growth regulators on the dry matter accumulation and distribution,photosynthetic characteristics,carbohydrate metabolism and intensity of diurnal carbohydrate metabolism in leaves of four legume crops were compared and analyzed to provide theoretical basis for the production practice of legume crops and the application of chemical control technology.The main results are as follows:1.The dry matter accumulation of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean was increased by spraying diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and uniconazole on the leaf surface in the early flowering stage,and the distribution rate of leaves,stems and stipes was decreased and the distribution rate of pods was significantly increased in the middle and late growth stages of legume crops.2.The leaf area indexes of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean were increased by spraying diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and uniconazole on the leaf surface in the early flowering stage,and the chlorophyll contents of four legumes at R2,R4 and R6 stages were significantly increased,and the degradation of chlorophyll was delayed.In addition to the treatment of kidney beans with uniconazole at R2 stage,the two regulators significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate of four legumes and improved photosynthesis of leaves.3.The sucrose content,starch content,sucrose synthetase activity,sucrose phosphate synthetase activity and amylase activity in leaves of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean were increased in the most sampling periods by spraying diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and uniconazole on the leaf surface in the early flowering stage.In addition to the treatment of soybean at 7d after spraying,the total invertase activity of Adzuki bean and Mungbean at the late growth stage and all sampling stages of soybean was increased significantly.Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate significantly increased the total invertase activity of Kidney Bean 14 days after treatment.4.In the early flowering stage,the spraying of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and uniconazole on the leaves had an obvious regulatory effect on the diurnal carbohydrate metabolism of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean at the filling stage.It can promote the accumulation of sucrose and starch in the leaves of four legumes during the day and night.The activities of sucrose synthetase,sucrose phosphate synthetase and amylase were increased.The total invertase activity of soybean,kidney bean and adzuki bean was increased.5.The number of pods per plant,the number of seeds per plant,the weight of 100 seeds of adzuki bean and the weight of 100 seeds of soybean,kidney bean and mung bean increased significantly by spraying uniconazole on the leaves at the early flowering stage.In the early flowering stage,spraying diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate on the leaves significantly increased the weight of 100 seeds of kidney beans and mung beans,and the number of pods per plant of soybean,also significantly increased the number of pods per plant,the number of seeds per plant and the weight of 100 seeds of adzuki bean.From the perspective of yield in 2017-2018,the yield of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean treated with uniconazole increased by 8.78% and 7.15%,6.81% and 7.65%,7.94% and 7.48%,9.15% and 7.29% compared with the control in the same period.The yield of soybean,kidney bean,adzuki bean and mung bean treated with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate increased by 7.16% and 5.07%,9.28% and 8.89%,1.51% and 1.46%,7.34% and 6.00% compared with the control at the same period.In conclusion,the application of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and uniconazole on the leaves of four legumes at the early flowering stage can control the photosynthetic characteristics of the four legume crops,promote the accumulation of photosynthetic compounds,increasing the activities of sucrose synthetase,sucrose phosphate synthetase and total amylase.It also can promote the accumulation of sucrose and starch in the leaves of four legumes during the day and night,and regulate the diurnal metabolism level of the leaves of legumes,so as to achieve the purpose of increasing production.Besides,uniconazole had better regulatory effect on soybean,adzuki bean and mung bean,while diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate had better regulatory effect on kidney bean. |
