The Study On Chrysanthemum Seedling And Its Pinching And Planting Period

With the improvement of the economic level,people pay more attention to the ecological environment,which increased the diversity of landscape plants.The garden chrysanthemum has the characteristics of dwarf stands,densely blossom,colorful and extensive cultivation,is increasingly used in garden landscaping.This article selected the Zhongshan series of garden chrysanthemum variety 'Zhongshanzisongguo' and 'Chuju' a traditional variety of tea chrysanthemum as the test materials.It began with the selection of seedling potential and the selection of high quality seedlings,set up 5 different Planting period and 20 different kinds of pinching programs of garden chrysanthemums,15 different kinds of pinching programs of 'Chuju'.Optimize the quality of seedlings suitable for production,the most suitable field planting period and the efficient laborer's pinching program,by comparing the morphological indicators of the full-bloom flowering period.Provide theoretical basis for the efficient production and landscape planting of garden chrysanthemum and tea chrysanthemum.The main results are as follows:1.Take cuttings on overwintering mother plants for cutting propagation.Four generations of scion-plucking plant are bred in the nursery season,17 batches of cuttings can be bred,of which 9 are directly from the overwintering mother plants(0-1,0-2,0-3,0-4,0-5,0-6,0-7,0-8,0-9),3 batches are from the first generation of spring propagation(1-1,1-2,1-3),2 batches are from the second generations of spring propagation(2-1,2-2),2 batches are from the third generations of spring propagation(3-1,3-2),1 batche is from the fourth generations of spring propagation which is 4-1.The later the seedlings are used,the later the flowering period is delayed.The root biomass of the first generation of cutting seedlings increased first and then gradually decreased with the delay of the cutting time.The total biomass from the second generation seedlings was higher than that the first generation of seedlings,and with the delay of the cottage batch,the rooting speed becomes faster.However,the root length did not increase.The rooting seedlings began to have yellow leaves one after another from the 30th day of cold storage.With the extension of refrigerated time,the loss rate of plants gradually increased until the plant rotted totally.The loss rate of the seedlings after refrigerating for more than 60 days exceeded 60%.There was no significant difference in the plant height and crown width between the planting period of this experiment,but the overall performance of the second generation seedlings was better than the first generation seedlings after 0-4.The best flowers density seedlings are 0-7,2-2 and 4-1.Considering the timely planting of factors,0-7,0-8,1-1,1-2,1-3,2-1,2-2 seedlings are high quality seedlings.2.Twenty different pinching methods were set(determined according to the number of leaves of the pinching branches during operation),one pinching was divided into 4 treatments,8 treatments for the two-times pinching,and 8 treatments for the three-times pinching.Uniformly planted on May 12th,record the plant height and crown width after pinching at the full-bloom flowering period,in order to choose the best pinching solution.The results showed that:14 leaves one pinching,10-12 leaves two-times pinching,12-12 leaves two-times pinching have the best performance of plant height and crown width.On the whole,two-times pinching treatments are better than one pinching treatments,and the three-times pinching treatments are the worst.Combined with reduced workload considerations,it is recommended to one pinching at the time of 14 leaves as the best treatment.Five different field planting periods were set up as follows:May 10,May 25,June 10,June 25,and July 10.Measurement of plant height,crown width,flower diameter,and flowering number per plant at full-bloom flowering period,in order to compare the effects of different field planting period.The results showed that with the delay of planting time,the plant height,crown width,and the number of flowers per plant showed a downward trend,and the flower diameter increased.The earlier the planting,the better the plant height and crown width are.However,the treatment with the earliest field planting period(May 10)shows an excessive plant height and crown width,and plant shape is not compact.The crowns of the two treatments that were implanted too late(June 25 and July 10)were too small.Therefore,it is suggested that form mid-May to mid-June period is a suitable field planting period for the garden chrysanthemum Zhongshan series.3.'Chuju' can cut 10 batches seedlings after germination in spring,among them 8 are are directly from the overwintering mother plants(0-1,0-2,0-3,0-4,0-5,0-6,0-7,0-8,),1 batch are from the first generation of spring propagation(1-1),1 batch are from the second generations of spring propagation(2-1,).With the increase of refrigerated time,the loss rate of 'Chuju' plants gradually increased,after 2 months refrigeration 50%of the cutting seedlings are lost,but the loss does not exceed 5%within 40 refrigerated days,short-term refrigeration can be applied to adjust the field planting period.At the early stage of sicon plucking(March 27),the cuttings taken after rooting were planted for the spring generation of the scion-plucking plant.At the later stage of sicon plucking(May 17),the rooting plant of the spring generation scion-plucking plant showed better performance in the production,from the spring generation scion-plucking plant slightly worse.At the later stage of sicon plucking(May 27),the rooting plant of the spring generation scion-plucking plant showed better performance in both crown width,number of flowers per plant,yield per plant and size of flower diameter than those from the overwintering mother plant.4.Measured the plant height,crown width,and flowering number,fresh weight,flower diameter,etc at the bud stage.By setting the three treatments one pinching(Remove stem tops leaving the leaves of 9,12,and 15),and 6 treatments for two-times pinching(picking up the first branch of the main stem after the first pinching,leaving the leaves of 9,12),6 treatments for three-times pinching(on the basis of secondary pinching,further pinching the secondary branch,leaving the leaves of 6).Compare the effect on the yield and quality of 'Chuju'.The results showed that.With the increase in the number of pinching times,the plant height decreased.The plant height of the three-times pinching treatments is lower than that of one pinching and two-times pinching.As the increase of the times of pinching,the crown width increased.In the case of the diffrent pinchings as the same amount of leaves left after pinching had little effect on the crown width.Compared with the treatment of different pinching times,plant yield and the number of flowers were the best after two-times pinching,and there was no significant difference between the different treatments with the same number of pinchings.Moreover,the effect of different pinching treatments on the size of the flowers was not significant.