Study On The Rules Of Flowering And The Influencet Of Pinching On Shoot-growing And Flowering On Sweet Cherry

The number of bearing branch and flower bud differentiation is the basis of the fertility of the fruit trees. By study using sweet cherry’hongdeng’,’stella’and ’zaodaguo’as test material, this study has explored flower bud initiation node, the relationship between bearing branch initiation and the branches form, and analyzed the influence of different pinching treatment on flower bud formation in various varieties sweet cherry. Analysis of physiological and biochemical indexes in bud, leaf and bark of pinching branch and compare with spur and growing branch by using pinching branch of’hongdeng’to ascertain the theoretical basis of pinching. The main research results are as follows:According to the results of the survey, All the1-14node of the base branch of the sweet cherry can form buds, the node which have the abloom ratio more than50%vary slightly according to the different varieties.In varieties of survey sweet cherries, the shoots which length is within30cm can change into bearing branch at the ratio beyond78.2%, but the shoots which length is more than30cm can hardly change into bearing branch. And the proportion of the latter kind of shoots is above20.2%.For the shoot growing fast and can not form branch, pinching treatment was taken in shoot in different stage. Results showed that flower bud formation could be accelerated by pinching6-30cm shoots. Ratios of blooming were highest when pinching11-15cm and16-20cm shoots, and they were89.5%and87.4%separately. Ratios of growth-stopping shoot were decreased when pinching shoots were becoming shorter. Taking the number of flower bud and ratio of growth-stopping into consideration, in sweet cherry growing, pinching technique should be used on16-20cm shoot.Analysis of physiological and biochemical indexes in bud, leaf and bark of pinching shoot and compare with spur and Growing Branch, we can find that total soluble sugar and ZRs content, C/N ratio and ZRs\IAA ratio which is beneficial to flower bud formation rise, soluble protein and IAA content decrease, more close to spur. Most indexes have significant differences with growing shoot。It explained that pinching can change content of material in shoot, it play a promoting role in flower bud formation.In addition, flower bud differentiation of pinching shoots were about10days later than that of the bouquet-like branches through microscopic examination, but both of them could be came into pistil differentiation phase in late September.