| High efficient utilization of resources is the key to high yield of crops.It is of great significance to determine the influence of light and temperature resources,varieties,cultivation measures and other factors in different regions on the analysis of yield limiting factors and yield improvement.In this study,winter wheat-summer maize was used as the research object to study four ecological regions in Shandong Province(ES,CS,NS and SS).The yield was obtained under different climate conditions and cultivation management conditions by using the method of step-by-step correction and APSIM model.The resource allocation and utilization characteristics of winter wheat-summer maize high-yield model between seasons were clarified,and quantitative evaluation indexes were put forward to improve the resources.The source matching degree is expected to make the best use of the light,temperature,water,fertilizer and other resources of wheat and maize in time,space and land,explore the potential of the annual light and temperature resources,improve the utilization rate of the wheat-maize annual resource,and provide a theoretical basis for the optimal allocation of the annual resources of the double cropping system in Huang Huai Hai district.The main results are as follows:(1)The characteristics of resource allocation within and between seasons of winter wheat summer maize planting pattern were clarified.The annual matching coefficients of wheat and maize resources in eastern,central,northwestern and southwestern areas of Shandong province are 0.3754,0.3985,0.3216 and 0.4262,respectively.The matching coefficients in wheat growing season are 0.4276,0.4076,0.3640 and 0.4080,and those in maize growing season are 0.3231,0.3895,0.2791 and 0.4445,respectively.Compared with wheat,maize season has more space to improve resource utilization.Making full use of maize season resources is an important way to further improve the annual yield and resource efficiency.(2)From the perspective of the utilization efficiency of light and temperature resources,the matching coefficients of light and temperature resources in the growth season of winter wheat in the eastern,central,northwestern and southwestern of Shandong are 0.7463,0.5924,0.7191 and 0.5964,respectively.The matching coefficients of light and temperature resources in the growth season of maize are 0.4532,0.4652,0.3881 and 0.4913,respectively.From the perspective of water and fertilizer resource utilization efficiency,the water resource utilization coefficients of wheat season in ES,CS,NS and SS are 0.5730,0.6880,0.5062 and 0.6841,respectively;the water resource utilization coefficients of corn season are 0.7131,0.8374,0.7193 and 0.9046,respectively.However,the utilization coefficients of wheat and maize were all 1.The water use efficiency of wheat in the whole growth period can be improved by increasing the amount of water in each growth period.In addition to sowing to jointing stage,other growth stages in central,northwestern and southwestern of Shandong could not meet the stage water demand.The supply of nitrogen fertilizer in the growing season of wheat and maize is higher than that of crop in each ecological region.(3)Refine the limiting factors that affect the utilization of light and temperature resources of wheat and maize seasons in different ecological areas.The matching of light and temperature resources is mainly affected by the matching degree of crop growth period,variety suitability and cultivation management measures.Among them,the matching coefficient of wheat season,variety and cultivation management in eastern Shandong is 0.8812,0.8552,0.9903,which is lower than other factors.The matching coefficient of various factors in central Shandong is 0.7097,0.8449,0.9879,which is mainly due to the low matching coefficient of crop growth period.The matching coefficient of light and temperature resources in northwestern Shandong is 0.8569,0.8473,0.9904 respectively.The growth period matching and variety suitability are the main factors affecting the utilization of light and temperature resources in this area.The matching coefficients of each factor in southwestern Shandong are 0.7401,0.8162,0.9873,respectively.The low matching coefficient of growth period is the main factor affecting the utilization of light and temperature resources in this area,followed by the variety.The matching coefficient of corn season growth period in the eastern,central,northwestern and southwestern areas of Shandong province is 0.5481,0.5589,0.5491 and 0.5701 respectively,the matching coefficient of varieties is 0.9165,0.9154,0.8013 and 0.9637 respectively,and the matching coefficient of cultivation patterns are 0.9021,0.9092,0.8820 and 0.8943,respectively.The main factors that affect the utilization of light and temperature resources in four ecological regions are growth period matching,and the influence of varieties and cultivation patterns is less.On the whole,the matching coefficient of light and temperature in summer maize season is significantly lower than that in winter wheat season. |
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