Study On The Occurrence Regularity And Green Prevention And Control Technology Of Ophiomyia Shibatsuji

Ophiomyia shibatsuji(Kato),belonging to the Diptera(Agromyzidae)family,is one of t he main pests of soybean production areas in northern China.Soybean production poses a serious threat.In recent years,the damage in Heilongjiang Province is on the rise,which poses a serious threat to local soybean production.In view of the unclear occurrence regularity of the insect in Heilongjiang Province,confusing literature reports,obsolete use of chemicals,and backward control techniques,In this paper,field investigation,field experiment and indoor observation were used to study the occurrence regularity and some biological learning of the Ophiomyia shibatsuji in Heilongjiang Province,and explored the green control technology of the insect,to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the effective control of the insect.The main results of research are as follows:(1)Clarified the occurrence regularity of the Ophiomyia shibatsuji in Heilongjiang ProvinceThe annual life history of the Ophiomyia shibatsuji in Heilongjiang Province was determined,and it is clear that it occurs one generation a year,the Ophiomyia shibatsuji pupae overwintered on soybean stubble and in the soil near the stubble.The amount of overwintering pupae in the soil was more than that on stubble and the overwintering soil depth of pupae was mainly 3-9 cm.The overwintering pupae began to emerge in late May,and the mid-June is the final stage of adult emergence.The peak period of adult emergence is early June and the occurrence period of field adults was more than 20 days.In early June,mating and oviposition of adults were observed in the field and lasted until mid-June.The larvae began to appear in early June,and finally appeared in early July.The larval stage was nearly 20 days,and the field larval stage was about 30 days.The pupae began to appear in late June,and the larval pupation was at the end of June.All larvae were pupated and overwintered at the end of early July,with a pupation period of about 330 days.(2)Clarified some biological learning of the Ophiomyia shibatsujiThe natural mortality of overwintering pupae was relatively high,reaching 25.56%-53.73%.The causes of death include being eaten by natural enemies,contaminated by bacteria,parasitized by parasitic wasps,and other causes such as freezing damage and mechanical damage.T he mortality of overwintering pupae decreased with increasing depth of soil,the mortality of pupae overwintering in soil surface was as high as 62.5%.Increasing the burial depth significantly decreased the emergence rate of adult.Above a depth of 20 cm,overwintering pupae could not emerge from the soil after eclosion.Increasing the burial depth significantly decreased the emergence rate of adult.Above a depth of 20 cm,overwintering pupae could not emerge from the soil after eclosion.Adults laid 1 to 5 eggs on a single soybean seedling.Most of them laid 1 egg,and the percentage of this situation was more than 85%.Adults had no obvious tendency tosugar-acetic acid-ethanol water solutions,honey water,and brown sugar water,and had a better tendency to yellow sticky traps.Adults had a short lifespan.The average lifespan was about 3 days without complementary nutrition,complementary nutrition could significantly increase their lifespan,at this time,the average lifespan is about 7-9 days,and the adult had the longest lifespan by feeding 5%sugar water.(3)Preliminary proposal green prevention and control technology for the Ophiomyia shibatsujiIt was confirmed that raking stubble and deep tillage treatment in the insect source field in the late autumn could greatly reduce the number of insect source bases in the field in the spring of the second year,and was an effective agricultural control measure.It was clear that the low-toxic pesticides chlorantraniliprole and Fuliang had the best control effect on the larvae of the Ophiomyia shibatsuji,the decrease rate of pest populationin the field could reach 100%,it was safe for soybean seed and could be used as a high efficiency and low toxicity seed treating agent to control the insect.The low-toxicity pesticides emamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam kill insects quickly,the adult mortality rate was as high as 100%within 24 hours,which was the preferred pesticide for controlling adult.Chlorpyrifos was used as a conventional pesticide,and it had a good control effect on the adult of Ophiomyia shibatsuji,and the decrease rate of pest population in the field was obvious.It could be used in non-green food production areas.The yellow sticky trapshad a better effect on trapping the Ophiomyia shibatsuji adults,but it had a greater impact on the natural enemiessyrphid flies androbber flies,it could be used for a short period of time during the peak period of adult occurrence in the year when the insect reoccurs.Beauveria bassiana Bb170428 has pathogenicity and certain pathogenicity to the overwintering pupae of Ophiomyia shibatsuji,but the pathogenicity is not strong and the rate of infection and death is slow.In order to increase the mortality of overwintering pupae,it is necessary to use more than 1×10~9cfu/ml concentration of bacterial solution to treat soybean stubble in the mid-july or late July.In order to achieve the desired prevention and control effect,the above-mentioned prevention and control technology should be promoted to be applied in synergy with other prevention and control technologies,and a comprehensive prevention and control strat egy should be adopted.