| This paper analyzes the changes of land use pattern in the Yaoluoping Nature Reserve from 1994 to 2017,and reveals the impact of returning farmland to forests and ecotourism on the change of land pattern in protected areas,and provides a basis for the protection and utilization of forest land in protected areas.Based on the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI remote sensing images of 1994,2002,2012 and 2017,the land use information of the study area was extracted,and the transfer matrix was established to analyze the dynamic changes of land use pattern and its transfer in the protected area for more than 20 years.On the basis of multi-period remote sensing interpretation data and related social statistics,this paper explores the driving factors affecting land use change in the study area and the future land use situation,and finally puts forward the rationality proposal for sustainable land development.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)By comparing the accuracy of maximum likelihood method and random forest,the optimal forest classification method is obtained.Based on the Python platform to implement a random forest approach,the Yaoluoping Nature Reserve is divided into forest land,garden land,cultivated land,residential areas,waters and others.The total accuracy of each period is about 85%,and the Kappa coefficient is greater than 0.8.(2)During 1994-2017,the land use structure in the protected area has undergone significant changes.The area of forest land,residential land and garden has increased to varying degrees,while the cultivated land has decreased significantly.The main transfer direction of land use type is the conversion of cultivated land into garden land,forest land and residential land,and a small part of forest land is transformed into residential land.From 1994 to 2002,the area of forest land increased greatly,and the area of cultivated land decreased greatly.From 2002 to 2012,the residential area showed a trend of expansion,the area of the garden increased greatly,and the area of cultivated land decreased.The amount of land use conversion from 2012 to 2017 was relatively high.Small,the area of residential areas,woodlands and gardens increased slightly,and the area of cultivated land decreased.(3)Analysis of the driving forces of nature and society and economy based on changes in land use.It is concluded that changes in land use patterns in protected areas are the result of a combination of returning farmland to forests,tea industrydevelopment and tourism development.Returning farmland to forests has led to a reduction in the area of cultivated land and an increase in the area of forest land and gardens;tourism development has led to an increase in the area of residential land.(4)Using the Markov model to simulate and predict the land use situation of the study area in the next fifteen years.It is concluded that the area of gardens,residential areas and forest land has been increasing in the past 15 years.The change rate of residential area is relatively small and is in a state of steady growth.The area of water area is decreasing first and then increasing.Other areas have been presented.The trend of reduction is related to the continuous development of land use.(5)Suggestions for sustainable land development: Mainly by controlling the construction of tourism project facilities,monitoring resources and environment,regulating the behavior of tourists,improving the construction of management teams in research areas,optimizing the adjustment of industrial structure,and promoting the diversified development of industries in the area.In addition,increase investment in scientific research and construction,and gradually raise citizens' awareness of protecting land and natural resources. |
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