| Nostoc sphaeroides is a unique wild medicinal and edible freshwater cyanobacteria in China.When it is mature,it becomes gelatinous blue-green with round and transparent particles.At present,due to the extensive use of pesticides and fertilizers in recent years,its natural habitat has been destroyed,and the output has dropped sharply and is almost out of production.Here we explored the technology of Nostoc sphaeroides breeding,the optimization of Nostoc sphaeroides nutrition formula and photobioreactor,and the large-scale outdoor cultivation of Nostoc sphaeroides was successfully established.We also compared our system with the wild Nostoc sphaeroides and indoor cultured Nostoc sphaeroides.Moreover,the efficacy of the active ingredients of Nostoc sphaeroides,the optimization of the extraction process of active ingredients and its application were also studied.The results of this paper are summarized as follows:1.The life history of Nostoc sphaeroides,the technology of algal section induction and population budding reproduction were studied,Our high-efficiency induction method could effectively improve the success rate of seed production,reduce the requirements of breeding environment,further shorten the breeding cycle and reduce the seed production frequency,thereby reducing the production cost of Nostoc sphaeroides.This breeding process shorten the breeding cycle from 74 days to 49 days.Therefore,our method is a fast and efficient breeding method suitable for large-scale production of Nostoc sphaeroides.2.We proposed an optimal Nostoc sphaeroides nutritional prescription(10#),The specific nutritional groups are as follows:EDTAˇ2Na:30 mg/L;CaCl2ˇ2H2O:18 mg/L;MgSO4ˇ7H2O:150 mg/L;K2HPO4ˇ3H2O:200 mg/L;Na2CO3:20 mg/L;citric acid:18 mg/L;Ammonium ferric citrate:18mg/L;H3BO3:1430mg/L;MnCl2ˇ4H2O:905mg/L;ZnSO4ˇ7H2O:111mg/L;Na2MoO4ˇ2H2O:20mg/L;CuSO4ˇ5H2O:40mg/L;Co(NO3)2ˇ6H2O,25mg/L,which can not only reduce the Nostoc sphaeroides damage,but also enhance Nostoc sphaeroides elasticity and improve the quality.3.After the practice and innovation of various Nostoc sphaeroides bioreactors,and also combining with the comprehensive evaluation of various factors such as yield,cost,appearance and the quality,we found that the reactor and barrel photobioreactor were the most suitable photobioreactor for outdoor large-scale cultivation of Nostoc sphaeroides.This photobioreactor did not need to consume commercial CO2,and did not need any artificial light source to fill the light,which avoided the discoloration of Nostoc sphaeroides sphere caused by the change of natural light.Moreover,the full-open culture mode promoted the gas-liquid phase balance between the liquid medium and air,and overcame the limitation of the algae pollution on the growth of Nostoc sphaeroides.Its dry product yield can reach 1200 Kg/Mu per year,and protein content is ?30%(DW),and the crude polysaccharide content is?30%(DW).4.The nutrient composition of Nostoc sphaeroides,the outdoor cultured Nostoc sphaeroides and the wild Nostoc sphaeroidesi were measured.The results showed that the outdoor cultured Nostoc sphaeroides protein was 36.8g/100g,and the crude fat was 1.6g/100g,total dietary fiber is 41.84g/100g,the total amino acid is 32.12g/100g,and contains many vitamins and minerals.Through nutrition analysis of Nostoc sphaeroides from outdoor culture,indoor culture and wild culture,it was found that the content of conventional ingredients,amino acid composition,vitamins and minerals in the outdoor culture and indoor culture was not obvious,but amino acid content and total dietary fiber content were significant different from the wild culture.This may be related to the culture method,water quality,air,light and other conditions.Our results demonstrated that the outdoor cultivation of Nostoc sphaeroides had been successful.5.The three extracts of Nostoc sphaeroides had good effect on sun protection,oxidation resistance and moisture retention.In the range of 320-400nm,the UV absorption rate can reach 50-70%;the moisturizing effect can reach more than 8 hours;and with the increase of the concentration of the Nostoc sphaeroides sample,the water extract of Nostoc sphaeroides was the best.The above results indicated that the water extract of Nostoc sphaeroides had significant application prospects in the skin care field.Among them,the water extract of Nostoc sphaeroides had the best effect and had significant application prospects in the skin care field.6.The polysaccharide extraction process of Nostoc sphaeroides medium residue was studied,and the efficacy study of Nostoc sphaeroides nutrient moisturizing extract was studied. |
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