Intestinal Flora Structure Of Red Deer(Cervus Elaphus Alashanicus) In Winter And Summer

The red deer is the second level key protected wild animal in China.This experiment selected Alashan red deer,only living in the middle section of Helan Mountain in China.The results showed that the structure and diversity of host intestinal flora were affected by seasons,so the purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of seasonal changes on the intestinal flora of wild Alashan red deer.As Alashan red deer is ruminant,the reason for the difference of intestinal microflora structure and diversity was analyzed according to the feeding characteristics of Alashan red deer in different seasons.By comparing and analyzing the intestinal flora of wild Alashan red deer in different seasons,we can help us to protect the wild Alashan red deer more pertinently.In this paper.16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to compare the intestinal microflora structure and diversity of Alashan red deer in winter and summer.The results are as follows:1.40 fecal samples of Alashan red deer were annotated to 32 phylum,49 phylum.51 phylum,78 families and 122 genera.Meanwhile,a total of 10576 OTU were obtained from 40 fecal samples.7790 OTU in winter group.8049 OTU in summer group and 5263 OTU in both groups.2.In the intestinal microflora of Alashan red deer the dominant microflora Phylum were Firmicutes.Bacteroidetes and Proteobaoteria;the dominant microflora Class were Clostridia,Bacteroidia and Gammaproteobacteria;the dominant microflora Order were Clostridiales,Bacteroidales and Pseudomonadales;the dominant microflora Family were Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae;the dominant microflora Genus were Sporobacter,Bacteroides,Clostridium.3.There were significant differences in Alashan red deer intestinal microflora diversity between the two groups in winter and summer.When comparing the winter and summer group,at the level of the Phylum,Firmicutes was decreased,Bacteroidetes and Proteobaoteria was increased;at the level of the Class,Clostridia(decreased)and Bacteroides(increased)were the common dominant Class of the two seasons,in the winter and summer group,the third dominant Class is Betaproteobacteria(increased)and Gammaproteobacteria(decreased);at the level of Order,Clostridiales(decreased)and Bacteroidales(increased)were the common dominant Orders of the two seasons,in the winter and summer group,the third dominant Order were Burkholderiales(increased)and Pseudomonadales(decreased);at the level of Family,the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae were both decreased;at the Genus level,sporobacter and Clostridium are both decreased,the Bacteroides was increased.4.The results of a diversity analysis showed that the study was reasonable to divide into winter and summer groups and the diversity of intestinal flora in winter is higher than summer group.The results of β diversity analysis showed that the similarity of intestinal flora in winter was higher than summer group,and there was a certain degree of similarity between the intestinal flora structure in winter and summer group,but there was a significant separation phenomenon between the two groups.