A Study On The Economic Performance Of Chinese Coastal Main Marine Fishing Vessels Based On Survey Data

Chinese coastal marine capture fisheries,as a traditional fishery,is still an indispensable part of Chinese fishery today.Studying the economic performance of marine capture fisheries can provide a reference for the fishing operation and formulation of related policies.In order to analyze the economic performance of marine fishing vessels,the indicators including the production cost,the fishery output,income,vessel age,number of crew of single trawlers,drift gillnetters,stow netters and basket and pot fishing boats in the main offshore fishery provinces of China such as Liaoning,Shandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Guangdong were investigated.The five indicators including labor productivity,capital productivity,economic return,return on investment,and net profit rate of different fishing methods in the entire survey area,different fishing methods in the same area,and the same fishing method in different areas were tested by multiple independent samples nonparametric tests and two independent sample t test.Based on the gray correlation model analysis of the total cost composition indicators of various fishing methods,the correlation degree of each factor affecting the total cost was obtained.The results show as follows: 1.Different fishing methods in the entire survey area1)There are significant differences in capital productivity indicators.2)The order of capital productivity from high to low is the stow netter,the drift gillnetter,single trawler,and the basket and pot fishing boats.3)There is no significant difference in capital productivity between the stow netter and the drift gillnetter.There are significant differences between other two fishing methods.2.Different fishing methods in the same area1)The economic return of the drift gillnetter and the single trawler in Liaoning Province is significantly different,and the economic return of drift gillnetter is higher.2)There is a significant difference in labor productivity and economic return between the drift gillnetter and the single trawler in Shandong Province,and the labor productivity and economic return of the drift gillnetter are higher.3)There is a significant difference in the labor productivity of the drift gillnetter,the single trawler and the stow netter in Jiangsu Province.There is a significant difference in labor productivity between the stow netter and the single trawler.There is no significant difference between other two fishing methods.The order from high to low is the stow netter,the drift gillnetter,the single trawler.4)There are significant differences in labor productivity,capital productivity,and return on investment of the drift gillnetter,the single trawler and the basket and pot fishing boat in Zhejiang Province.5)The labor productivity of Zhejiang Province is sorted from high to low as the drift gillnetter,the single trawler,and the basket and pot fishing boat.There are significant differences in the labor productivity between the basket and pot fishing boat and the drift gillnetter,and between the basket and pot fishing boat and the single trawler.There is no significant difference between the drift gillnetter and the single trawler.6)The capital productivity of Zhejiang Province is sorted from high to low as the drift gillnetter,the single trawler,and the basket and pot fishing boat.There are significant differences in the capital productivity between the basket and pot fishing boat and the drift gillnetter,between the basket and pot fishing boat and the single trawler,and between the drift gillnetter and the single trawler.7)The return on investment of Zhejiang Province is sorted from high to low as the drift gillnetter,the single trawler,and the basket and pot fishing boat.There are significant differences in the return on investment between the basket and pot fishing boat and the drift gillnetter,between the basket and pot fishing boat and the single trawler,and between the drift gillnetter and the single trawler.8)There is a significant difference in the capital productivity between the drift gillnetter and the single trawler in Guangdong Province.3.The same fishing method in different areas1)There are significant differences in the return on investment and the capital productivity of the single trawler among Liaoning,Shandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Guangdong.2)The capital productivity of the single trawler is sorted from high to low as Zhejiang,Guangdong,Jiangsu,Shandong and Liaoning.There are significant differences in the single trawler capital productivity between Liaoning and Zhejiang,between Liaoning and Guangdong,and between Shandong and Guangdong.3)The return on investment of the single trawler is sorted from high to low as Zhejiang,Guangdong,Jiangsu,Shandong and Liaoning.Except for the return on investment between Liaoning and Shandong,or between Zhejiang and Guangdong,there are significant differences between other two provinces.4)There are significant differences in the return on investment of the drift gillnetter among Liaoning,Shandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Guangdong.5)The return on investment of the drift gillnetter is sorted from high to low as Zhejiang,Guangdong,Jiangsu,Shandong and Liaoning.Except for the return on investment between Liaoning and Shandong,between Liaoning and Jiangsu,between Shandong and Jiangsu,or between Zhejiang and Guangdong,there are significant differences between other two provinces.4.Cost composition analysis1)Labor expenditure has the greatest impact on total cost for the drift gillnetter throughout the survey area.The impact of oil cost on total cost ranks second.2)Labor expenditure has the greatest impact on total cost for the drift gillnetter of Shandong and Guangdong.The costs of oil and fishing gear have the greater impact on the total cost for the drift gillnetter of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.The capital investment has the greatest impact on the total cost for the drift gillnetter of Liaoning Province.The maintenance cost of the drift gillnetter of Liaoning,Shandong and Jiangsu has a greater impact on the total cost.3)Oil cost,labor expenditure,capital investment,maintenance cost have the great impact on total cost for the single trawler throughout the survey area.4)Capital investment,labor expenditure and oil cost have the great impact on total cost for the single trawler of Liaoning and Shandong.Oil cost and capital investment have the great impact on total cost for the single trawler of Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Guangdong.Fishing gear cost has the great impact on total cost for the single trawler of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Labor expenditure and maintenance cost have the great impact on total cost for the single trawler of Guangdong.5)The stow netter under investigation was from Jiangsu Province.Its capital investment,oil cost,fishing gear cost and labor expenditure have a greater impact on total cost.6)The basket and pot fishing boat under investigation was from Zhejiang Province.Its oil cost,fishing gear cost,capital investment,and maintenance cost have the great impact on total cost.The following recommendations are proposed for fishery operation and management: 1.Different fishing methods in the entire survey area1)The single trawler should be reduced moderately.2)The number of trammel gill nets with severe resource damage should also be controlled.3)The stow net that do not have selective of species and sizes of catches should be resisted.Study should be made to determine the minimum mesh size and selective devices should be enforced to use,and the enforcement of inspections should be strengthened at sea for the stow netter.4)It is necessary to implement a fishing gear labeling system to reduce the loss of fishing gear,to establish a recycling mechanism for discarded netting,and reduce the generation of marine debris.2.Different fishing methods in the same area1)The age of drift gillnetter and the single trawler in Liaoning are older than that of other provinces.The implementation of the obsolescence and scrapping system of old fishing vessels should be strengthened.Priority should be given to the drift gillnetter to be reconstructed.The tonnages should be increased to improve the safety of fishing vessels.2)The single trawler of Shandong should be reduced moderately.Priority should be given to the drift gillnetter to be reconstructed.The tonnages should be increased to improve the safety of fishing vessels.3)The single trawler of Jiangsu should be reduced moderately.Priority should be given to the drift gillnetter to be reconstructed.The stow net needs to be modified to improve its species selectivity and size selectivity.4)The single trawler of Zhejiang should be reduced moderately.Priority should be given to the drift gillnetter to be reconstructed.Research on basket and pot fishing technology needs to further improve its economic benefits.5)The single trawler of Guangdong should be reduced moderately.Priority should be given to the drift gillnetter to be reconstructed.3.The same fishing method in different areasThe tonnage of the single trawler and the drift gillnetter can be constructed to 100-125 tons and 100-190 tons,respectively.4.Cost composition analysisThe mechanization and automation level of the fishing vessels should be improved.The average number of crew members should be reduced.The skill of the crew should be improved.The loss and damage of fishing gear should be reduced.The performance of fishing vessel should be upgraded.The tonnage of fishing vessel should be determined based on the economic performance.The hull form of fishing vessel should be designed to energy-saving.