Structural Characteristics Of Jinhua Pig Intestinal Flora And Dietary Fiber Intervention

This study was to explore the structural characteristics of intestinal flora in jinhua pigs,including 2 experiments.Experiment 1:study on the structural characteristics and typing of jinhua pig flora.A total of 105 jinhua pig feces samples were collected,and the bacterial flora structure in the feces was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing.Results showed that the Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteriota,Spirochaetota,Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota were jinhua pig's dominant fungi,in the Generic level,the dominant fungi genera were Clostridium sensu sstricto 1,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Terrisporobacter,Bifidobacterium,Turicibacter,Tr eponema,UGG-005,Prevotellaceae NK 3B31 group,Bacteroides,Prevotella etc.ln addition,this study proved the existence of jinhua swine microbial intestinal type,divided into three kinds of intestinal type,the advantage of the identified at the Gate level and Generic level makes a statistic analysis on the relative abundance of microorganismo The results found that on the Gate level and Generic level the highest abundance in ET1 bacteria were Firmicutes,Spirochaetota,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Terrisporobacter,Trepo nema,and Prevotellaceae NK 3B31 group.The highest abundance in ET2 belong to Actinomycetes,Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria,Clostridium sensu sstricto 1,Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter,Bacteroidota and Bacteroidetes were most abundant in ET3.Experiment 2:he objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary fiber levels on growth performance,cecal microbial community structure and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in Jinhua pigs.Fourty-five healthy Jinhua pigs with average BW 54.27 kg were randomly divided into low fiber group(LF),medium fiber group(MF)and high fiber group(HF).The LF group was fed base diet.The MF and HF groups were fed with basal diet with 7.5%and 15%alfalfa meal added,respectively.The final fiber content of LF,MF,and HF groups were 3.86%,4.55%and 5.92%,respectively.T-he pigs were weighed and then slaughtered to collect the cecal contents after 60-days-treatment.The microbial genomic DNA were extract to quantitatively m-easured the specific microbial populations by real-time quantitative PCR and to analyze microbial community structure by high-throughput sequencing.The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)were also measured.The results showed that the body weight of Jinhua pigs increased with the increasing dietary fiber level,and the average daily weight gain increased significantly(P<0.05).The dominant phyla were Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Tenericumes,and Prot-eobacteria,which accounted for more than 90%of the microbiomes in the cecalcontents of Jinhua pigs.The relative abundance of Bacteroides increased significantly with increasing fiber level in the diet(P<0.05).The dominant genera included Bacteroidales_S24-7_group_norank,Alloprevotella,Prevotellaceae_UCG-003,Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group,and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005.TherelativeabundanceofBacteroidales_S24-7_gro up_norank and Alloprevotella increased with the increasing fiber levels.Additionally,it was observed that the amount of Lactobacillus and Clostridium I and the gene copy number of butyryl-CoA acetic acid-CoA transferase in the cecum of HF group were higher than these in LF group.The concentrations of SCFA were significantly increased(P<0.05)in HF group.(Conclusion)These results suggest that the dietary fiber increases the relative abundance of Bacteroides,B acteroid ales_S24-7_group_no rank,Alloprevotella,and the gene copy number of butyryl-CoA acetic acid-CoA transferase,a key enzyme for butyrate production of microbiomes in the cecum of Jinhua Pig.That can increase the concentations of butyric acid and total SCFA in the cecum,and finally improve the average daily gain of Jinhua Pig.