The Comparison Of G-banding Karyotypes Between Swamp And River Buffalo

Buffalo is a very important animal husbandry breed in China,which has strong adaptability,strong disease resistance,good milk quality,long service life,easy to feed,high dry matter content of buffalo milk,better nutritional composition than black and white buffalo milk,and obvious processing advantages.In the old society,it was used for farming,and in the modern society,machinery developed rapidly,replacing buffalo.In the new era,living standards were improved,and people began to pay attention to the performance of buffalo for milk and meat.China has the third largest buffalo population in the world,next only to India and Pakistan,and plays an important role in China's agricultural economy.Due to the long-term use of water buffalo,the milk yield and body shape of Chinese buffalo are not as good as those of foreign varieties such as mola,neary/lafi.In 1957,China began to introduce foreign buffalo varieties to improve the production performance of Chinese buffalo.Buffaloes are divided into two subspecies,swamp buffaloes and river buffaloes.The chromosome number of swamp buffaloes is 2n=48,and that of river buffaloes is 2n=50.The number of chromosomes in F1 hybrid generation of two subspecies of buffalo is 2n=49.Due to the unbalanced separation of chromosomes in germ cells during meiosis,buffalo with this number of chromosomes may produce insufficient genetic material or too many abnormal gametes,resulting in a serious decline in their fertility.In the genetic and breeding work,we need to eliminate 2n=49 bulls to eliminate abnormal gametes in the father and improve the normal gametes rate in the population.Is used to distinguish between the chromosome number is the main technology of chromosome karyotype analysis,but the current of water buffalo karyotype analysis method is the end result is not good,type swamp buffalo in chromosome zoning the belt type less,fuzzy state,this experiment is mainly to improve the water buffalo karyotype analysis,analysis of karyotype of buffalo high resolution,and then to swamp buffalo chromosomes and rivers with chromosome G type are analyzed in the aspect of high resolution.The main research results are as follows:(1)by comparing the two different cell inoculation and culture methods,it was found that good results could be obtained by using the superant of the whole blood for lymphocyte culture after being stationary for 40?60 min.1×10~5 lymphocytes were added to each of the five groups,and recovered cells(5.791±1.834)10~5were inoculated in the serum group,which were significantly higher(P<0.05)than that in the whole blood group(2.894±0.786)10~5.(2)through the karyotype analysis step Mid-Autumn narcissus element addition amount and the change of the processing time,found that collecting the cells in the first 10 min to join 200?g/ml colchicine 100?l and finally the result is superior to the traditional 3 h before collecting cells join 0.01?g/ml colchicine 30?l,of which 10 slides for each group,every piece of 20split phase measurement,the length of the chromosome 1>18 microns split phase concentration is low the length of 56.5±11.07%,low concentration and high length group accounts for 26.5±8.52%,The difference was significant(P<0.01).(3)compared with the traditional fixed agent without dropping,the fresh fixed agent with one drop added in the dropping tablet showed better overall chromosome dispersion and lower interchromosome crossover ratio than the single-drop cell suspension.Among them,43.5±6.69%of the divided phase was excellent in the drip group,and 17±7.89%in the non-drip group,showing a significant difference(P<0.01).(4)the environmental humidity of droplet was controlled and divided into several humidity gradients of 50%,60%,70%and 80%.It was found that the droplet effect was the best under the condition of 70%humidity.The chromosome division phase of type I accounted for 82±12.74%,and the humidity of 80%accounted for 95±5.27%.(5)according to the improved karyotype analysis method,the chromosome karyotypes of swamp buffalo and river buffalo were made,and the G bands of the two kinds of buffalo were compared and analyzed.It was found that the chromosome bands of the two subspecies of buffalo were highly similar,and the pattern diagrams of 700 bands of swamp buffalo and 710 bands of river buffalo were made respectively.