Study On Biological Characteristics And Comprehensive Control Of Apocolotois Arnoldiaria

Apocolotois arnoldiaria(Oberhur)belongs to lepidoptera,geometridae.It is distributed in Beijing,Liaoning,Jilin and other northern areas of China.The larvae feed mainly on the spores,buds and young leaves of plants.In the area with high insect population density,the pest eat a lot of food,which seriously affects the growth of plants,and has become an important pest in urban gardens in northeast China.At present,there are few reports about this pest,and the regularity of its occurrence is not very clear.In order to make clear the occurrence and damage law of A.arnoldiaria in urban gardens in Changchun area,and the effective prevention and control techniques,biological characteristics,morphological characteristics,occurrence law,and integrated prevention and control methods,In this paper,the biological and ecological characteristics,such as annual life history,main habits,growth and development,effective accumulated temperature and screening of effective control agents of were systematically studied in order to provide scientific basis for the future prediction and control of the pest.The main research results are as follows:1.The occurrence of a generation of A.arnoldiaria in Changchun,Jilin Province.The female adults prefer to lay eggs on the branches of Ligustrum Lucidum.The female adult likes to lay eggs on the branches of the host such as ligustrum and spirea for wintering reproduction.The larvae hatch in late march and early April in li year,and the incubation rate reaches over 98%.The 1st instar larval netting feeds on the spores of the main cave-eating plants,causing damage to the spores,which directly leads to the early plants can't normally put leaves when they start to sprout and grow,causing serious damage to the plants.During the binge eating period,the young leaves of the host,such as fresh privet and spirea,were mainly fed at 4 ? 6 years old,and the peak feeding time was from 16:00?23:00.In late may,the larvae mature into the soil and turn into the pupa.In early October of the same year,they emerge and turn into adults for copulation.The male and female adults are different,and the female has no wings and is more robust than the male.Male and female adults live about three to five days.2.The feeding amount of the larvae of A.arnoldiaria was determined.The first instar larvae feed mainly on the host spores,and the second instar larvae start to feed on the host leaves.The feeding area of the 2nd-3rd instar larvae has no obvious change and the trend is relatively smooth.The feeding amount of the larvae in the first three instars was not very large,the leaf area of the 4th Instar Larvae increased compared with that before the 3rd Instar,and the feeding amount increased when the 4th instar larvae entered the gluttony stage,5 ? 6 instars fed more leaves 5 ? 8 cm per day,and 50 ? 60 cm leaves per instar.The damage intensity in each instar was determined by measuring the feeding amount of the larvae.3.The over-wintering eggs of A.arnoldiaria have a strong adaptability to low environmental temperatures.The supercooling point temperature and freezing point temperature of the overwintering eggs were-33.81°C and-33.55°C,which could theoretically survive the winter safely in most areas of northern China.4.The point temperature and effective accumulation temperature of the overwintering eggs were determined.The eggs have good adaptability when incubated at 10 ? 25?,but do not hatch when the temperature is 5?.The incubation period of 10 ?eggs was 20.81 days,the incubation period of 15 eggs was 7.90 days,the incubation period of 20 eggs was 6.01 days,? ?and the incubation period of 25 eggs was 7.57 days.The results showed that the caloric period ?of 10 egg had significant difference,which was higher ? than other caloric periods.The hatching rate of the eggs at different temperatures can be calculated by determining the hatching duration of the eggs at different temperatures.The relationship between the development rate and the temperature of the eggs of A.arnoldiaria under the conditions of 5 ? 25 ?was fitted through the establishment of the model.The results show that the coefficients of the conic model all reach the significant level.Finally,the starting temperature of the development of A.arnoldiaria eggs was 5.31 and the effective accumulated temperature was 102.57d·? ?.5.The results of the forest efficacy test on the third instar larvae of A.arnoldiaria were as follows:1% matrine,1.2% nicotine,matrine emulsifiable oil,5% methylaminoavermectin Benzoate Microemulsion,150g/L ninhydrin suspension,15% methotrexate ninhydrin suspension,14% chloridion,hyperchlorofluorocarbon microcapsule suspension,Metarhizium anisopliae(organism): 8 billion spores / ml,the control effects were 94.16,91.46,93.22 89.67?85.15?79.16?67.42%?6.Based on the analysis of the annual life history,growth and development,feeding behavior,cold tolerance,life habit and harm rule of A.arnoldiaria,a set of effective comprehensive control techniques for A.arnoldiaria were put forward by integrating physical control,chemical control and microbial control technologies.