Therapeutic Effect Of Xiaochaihu Decoction On Chicken Colibacillosis And Its Safety Evaluation

Chicken colibacillosis is an infectious disease caused by Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.Its clinical manifestations are acute septicemia,enteritis,balloon inflammation,pericarditis,pericarditis and so on.In recent years,with the development of large-scale farming,the incidence of the disease has increased year by year,which has caused serious economic losses in the poultry industry all over the world.At present,the treatment of chicken colibacillosis mainly depends on antibiotics,but with the abuse of antibiotics,animal food safety such as livestock and poultry has been greatly affected,and drug resistance is also increasing.Modern pharmacological studies have proved that traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in antibacterial and antiviral,and can inhibit the production of bacterial drug resistance,which is of great significance for solving the serious problem of drug resistance of pathogenic Escherichia coli and effectively preventing infectious diseases of livestock and poultry.Xiaochaihu Decoction was first seen in the Theory of typhoid and Miscellaneous Diseases written by Zhang Zhongjing,a physician of the Eastern Han Dynasty.It is composed of Bupleurum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Pinellia ternata,Codonopsis pilosula,Ginger and Jujube.At present,the inhibitory effect of Xiaochaihu Decoction on chicken colibacillosis has not been reported.In view of this,this study established a stable model of chicken colibacillosis to explore the prevention and control effect and safety of Xiaochaihu Decoction on chicken colibacillosis,so as to provide data support for the prevention and control of chicken colibacillosis and the development of compound traditional Chinese medicine with Xiaochaihu Decoction.The model of chicken colibacillosis was established by injecting 10~8 cfu/mL of bacteria solution 0.4 mL,into the chest muscle,and the mortality rate of chickens reached60%.At 36 hours after challenge,the body temperature of chickens decreased significantly,and the mortality was the highest,and it was found that the bacterial load in different organs and the content of bacteria in blood reached the peak at this time,and the biochemical indexes AST and ALT reached the peak at 48 hours after challenge,which were significantly higher than those in the blank group.On the basis of successful establishment of chicken colibacillosis model,the effective dose of Xiaochaihu Decoction was screened.The model group chickens were treated with Xiaochaihu Decoction at the dose of 4 g/kg,2 g/kg,1 g/kg,0.5 g/kg and 0.25g/kg.The results showed that the clinical symptoms of chickens in each dose group were improved in varying degrees,and 4 g/kg,2 g/kg,1 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg groups all achieved good curative effect.After various considerations,1 g/kg was selected as the recommended clinical dose of Xiaochaihu Decoction.In order to further verify the therapeutic effect of Xiaochaihu Decoction on colibacillosis in chickens,160 12-day-old Chicken were randomly divided into 8 groups:blank control group,model group,Xiaochaihu Decoction 2 g/kg group,Xiaochaihu Decoction 1 g/kg group,Xiaochaihu Decoction 0.5 g/kg group,prevention group(1 g/kg),simultaneous administration group(1 g/kg)and western medicine group.The results showed that each dose of Xiaochaihu Decoction had a good effect on chicken colibacillosis.The survival rates of chicks in 2g/kg,1 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg groups was more than 90%,which was higher than those in western medicine treatment group.The growth and development of chickens is good,which can significantly improve the weight gain level of diseased chickens,and the weight gain effect of prevention group is the best;high dose of Xiaochaihu Decoction can significantly reduce biochemical indexes and serum inflammatory factor secretion;Xiaochaihu Decoction can inhibit the increase of organ index caused by Escherichia coli,and compared with the model group,each administration group can reduce the bacterial load in organs.Finally,the safety of Xiaochaihu Decoction to chickens was evaluated.On the basis of the above experiments,the chickens were given Xiaochaihu Decoction with 1 time,5times and 10 times of the recommended clinical dose.after continuous administration for7 days,the chickens were observed for 7 days.During this period,the clinical manifestations of each group of chickens were observed,and the hematological indexes,blood biochemical indexes and histopathological changes of chickens were detected,and the safety of Xiaochaihu Decoction was comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the 1-,5-and 10-fold doses of Xiaochaihu Decoction could not cause chicken death and other toxic reactions,and no abnormal serological and serum biochemical indexes were found,and no adverse effects were found in various organs under histopathological observation.It shows that Xiaochaihu Decoction is safe in clinic.To sum up,this experiment established a stable model of chicken colibacillosis,which verified that Xiaochaihu Decoction can effectively treat chicken colibacillosis,and proved that Xiaochaihu Decoction has high clinical safety.Xiaochaihu Decoction has obvious clinical control effect and high safety on chicken colibacillosis,and has good application value in the prevention and treatment of chicken colibacillosis.